This unit covers human anatomy in its broadest sense; to explore and understand structure and function at the macroscopic, microscopic (histological) and developmental (embryological) levels. Topographic studies will cover the morphology and organisation of the musculoskeletal system, the cardiovascular system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, urinary system, endocrine system, nervous system and reproductive system. Histology studies will correlate microscopic structure with function; beginning with the cell, moving on to the four primary tissue types and following up with systems-based histology where relevant. Embryology will help in understanding human development; beginning with fertilization and following up through the development of organ-body systems, with emphasis on mechanisms regulating normal development and organisation of the body. The unit encompasses familiarisation and usage of anatomical and medical terminology. Skills in practical observation, identification and communication will be encouraged as well as the ability to source for information through the effective use of IT.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate a comprehensive knowledge of human anatomy, including an understanding of the macroscopic structure and functions of the systems of the human body, the microscopic structure and functions of cell types and body tissues as well as the embryological origins of the human body;
2. Use anatomical and related medical terminology effectively in verbal and written communication;
3. Demonstrate observational and descriptive skills in relation to histological slides, anatomical models, dissected/ prosected anatomical specimens and radiographs;
4. Actively participate in group work to mirror future roles as members of a healthcare team.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Continuous assessment: 30%

Practical examination: 30%

Examination (2 hours): 40%

Three 1-hour lectures, 3 hours group lab practical/tutorial, 3 hours computer-assisted learning and 3 hours private study per week

See also Unit timetable information

This unit focuses on concepts that will allow students to gain understanding of key astrophysical phenomena. The topics covered include the night sky, the historical development of astronomical knowledge, our solar system, comets and asteroids, the sun, exoplanets, other stars, stellar remnants such as black holes, the Milky Way, other galaxies, quasars, dark matter, and cosmology in general.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Describe the evolution and general properties of planets, solar systems, stars, and galaxies.
2. Explain celestial and planetary motions across the night sky using naked eye observations and planetarium software.
3. Reflect on the scale of the universe and earth's place in it.
4. Execute experiments involving telescopes and other simple apparatus and analyse, interpret and evaluate the results arising from them.
5. Demonstrate ability to analyse and solve problems using quantitative and qualitative analysis.

Examination (2 hours): 40%

Practicals: 30% (Hurdle)

Assignments: 30%

Hurdle requirement: Students must achieve a pass mark in the practicals to achieve an overall pass grade.

The workload to achieve the learning outcomes for this unit is 144 hours spread across the semester (roughly 12 hours per week) - approximately an even mixture of attendance at scheduled activities and self-scheduled study time. Learning activities comprise a mixture of instructor directed, peer directed and self-directed learning, which includes face-to-face and online engagement.

See also Unit timetable information

Astrophysics

Physics

This unit focuses on understanding astronomical, geological, chemical, biological and technological conditions necessary for primitive and intelligent life. The topics covered include: stellar and planetary formation, dynamics of planetary orbits, detection and properties of extrasolar planets, habitability, chemical and biological characteristics of life, how life first appeared on the Earth and how life depends on energy from the stars, probabilities of life forming on other planets, artificial life and artificial intelligence, interstellar travel and colonisation, the fate of the Universe and the implications for any life present.

On completion of this unit you will be able to:

1. Explain modern theories of stellar and planetary formation and evolution
2. Compare properties of our Solar system to that of extrasolar planetary systems
3. Describe the necessary conditions for life and how species evolve
4. Debate how development of life is dependent on the conditions in the physical universe
5. Theorise on the possibilities of other life forms, interstellar communication and interstellar travel.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

• Examination (2 hours and 10 minutes): 40%
• Practicals: 30% (Hurdle)
• Assignments: 30%

Hurdle requirement: Student must pass achieve a pass mark in the practicals to achieve an overall pass grade.

Hurdle requirement: Student must pass achieve a pass mark in the workshops to achieve an overall pass grade.

The workload to achieve the learning outcomes for this unit is 144 hours spread across the semester (roughly 12 hours per week) - approximately an even mixture of attendance at scheduled activities and self-scheduled study time. Learning activities comprise a mixture of instructor directed, peer directed and self-directed learning, which includes face-to-face and online engagement.

See also Unit timetable information

Astrophysics

Physics

An introduction to modern astronomy, with an emphasis on using astronomical observations to understand the stars, galaxies and the universe as a whole.

Students are introduced to the night sky and how to navigate around it using astronomical coordinates. The design, performance and use of visible and radio wavelength telescopes are discussed in detail, including imaging and spectroscopy. Visible and radio wavelength observations will be interpreted to determine the velocities, distances, masses, and the cosmological expansion of the Universe, Practical work in workshops is a key component of this unit, including an astronomical observing session and analysis of data from major observatories.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Use fundamental concepts in observational astronomy to model the motion of the planets and stars, to measure the brightness of celestial objects using astronomical images, and to determine astronomical distances.
2. Explain the workings and limitations of telescopes and interferometers, to quantify their angular resolution and limitations, and describe how astronomers use these instruments to obtain images and spectra.
3. Use optical, infrared and radio observations to measure stellar masses, stellar radii, astronomical distances, temperatures and the expansion of the Universe.
4. Interpret astronomical observations and justify conclusions drawn via a concise and accurate written report.

Examination (3 hours): 50%

Written assignments: 15%

Workshop: 35% (Hurdle)

Hurdle requirements: Students must achieve a pass mark in the workshop component to achieve an overall pass grade.

The workload to achieve the learning outcomes for this unit is 144 hours spread across the semester (approximately 12 hours per week) - approximately an even mixture of attendance at scheduled activities and self-scheduled study time. Learning activities comprise a mixture of instructor-directed, peer-directed and self-directed learning, which includes face-to-face and online engagement.

Note: the unit includes a commitment of 2 hours of astronomical observing after hours (evening) on the Clayton Campus, with the exact timing being weather dependent.

See also Unit timetable information

Astrophysics

Physics

An introduction to contemporary astrophysics, with a focus on the range of physical processes which shape the universe and the objects within. Students will study the generation, propagation and absorption of radiation; processes of star and planet formation; celestial mechanics; accretion disks; the sun; interiors of stars and nucleosynthesis; post main sequence evolution; degeneration remnants; the Milky Way; the structure of galaxies; active galaxies; particles and cosmic rays. Laboratory work will include analytic and computer-based exercises, involving research-grade data and numerical codes.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Apply basic physical and mathematical principles, including dimensional analysis, to gain a quantitative and qualitative understanding of astrophysical processes.
2. Explain how observational data may be exploited to infer the physical properties of cosmic objects.
3. Solve astrophysical problems, and complete a range of problem solving tasks by drawing on physical principles.
4. Use practical skills to computationally model astrophysical systems.
5. Demonstrate a knowledge of stars, planets, and galaxies sufficient to undertake further astrophysics studies at Level 3.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 3 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (3 hours): 50%

Workshops: 35% (Hurdle)

Tests: 15%

Hurdle requirement: Students must achieve a pass mark in the workshop component to achieve an overall pass grade.

The workload to achieve the learning outcomes for this unit is 144 hours spread across the semester (roughly 12 hours per week) - approximately an even mixture of attendance at scheduled activities and self-scheduled study time. Learning activities comprise a mixture of instructor directed, peer directed and self-directed learning, which includes face-to-face and online engagement.

See also Unit timetable information

Astrophysics

Physics

Stellar photometry; observing the stars; star formation; equation of state; reduced equations of stellar structure; polytropic stellar models; full equations of stellar structure; the main sequence; post-main-sequence evolution. Galactic morphology and stellar content; elliptical and spiral galaxies; large-scale structure of the Milky Way; dark matter; potential theory; galactic dynamics-orbits in spherical and axisymmetric potentials. Astronomical data reduction.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Understand the nature of stars - their life histories, how they produce energy, how they synthesise the chemical elements, and their ultimate fates;
2. Build a simple polytropic numerical stellar model;
3. Distinguish and discuss different types of galaxies;
4. Understand the relationships between stellar evolution, galactic evolution, and the creation of the elements;
5. Model computationally the motion of stars in galaxies;
6. Understand the implications of the observed nature of galaxies for theories of the universe;
7. Describe the morphology and kinematics of the Milky Way;
8. Understand the significance of dark matter to galactic structure;
9. Understand the use of optical telescopes for data collection;
10. Write an observational research report.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 3 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (3 hours): 60%

Assignments: 20%

Computer laboratories: 10%

Observation Report: 10%

The workload to achieve the learning outcomes for this unit is 144 hours spread across the semester (roughly 12 hours per week) - approximately an even mixture of attendance at scheduled activities and self-scheduled study time. Learning activities comprise a mixture of instructor directed, peer directed and self-directed learning, which includes face-to-face and online engagement.

Note: the unit includes a commitment of about 3 hours of astronomical observing after hours (evening / night-time) using facilities at the Clayton campus, the exact timing of which is weather dependent.

See also Unit timetable information

Astrophysics

Physics

Newtonian physics and Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity, the geometry of space-time, the Minkowski metric, Lorentz transformations, k-calculus, and four-vectors; the physics of space-time, momentum and energy; classical paradoxes; other metrics, Black Holes; observation of the Universe relevant to Cosmology; the expansion of the Universe, the Cosmic Background Radiation; the evolution of the Universe, propagation of light; primordial elements and recent observations.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Describe the reasons for supplanting Newtonian physics with relativity theory;
2. Use special relativity to predict the behaviour of relativistic particles;
3. Discuss the relativistic paradoxes in an informed way;
4. Discuss the experimental and theoretical foundations of general relativity;
5. Discuss our current understanding of the beginnings, nature, and fate of the Universe;
6. Evaluate the current uncertainties in cosmology;
7. Analyse physical problems geometrically, thinking logically in a theory at odds with common experience;
8. Use mathematics to solve complex problems;
9. Interpret complex mathematical results and communicate them in written form.

Examination (3 hours): 60%

Laboratory work and reports: 40%

The workload to achieve the learning outcomes for this unit is 144 hours spread across the semester (roughly 12 hours per week) - approximately an even mixture of attendance at scheduled activities and self-scheduled study time. Learning activities comprise a mixture of instructor directed, peer directed and self-directed learning, which includes face-to-face and online engagement.

See also Unit timetable information

Astrophysics

Physics

In this unit students will learn the basic principles of astrophysical fluid dynamics and how it can be used to model the most extreme events in the universe. The unit covers the basic equations of compressible hydrodynamics, including the behaviour of linear waves, the transition to shocks and the behaviour of fluids at high Mach number. Students will apply this to understand the physical processes that power accreting sources including white dwarfs, neutron stars and black holes, and the physics behind the explosion of stars as supernovae. Students will gain practical experience in computational fluid dynamics including basic programming skills and an understanding of how large scale astrophysical simulations are performed.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate a basic understanding of astrophysical fluid dynamics, involving the physics of fluids at high Mach number, including sound waves and shocks.
2. Demonstrate practical skills in scientific computing, computational modelling, data analysis and visualisation.
3. Perform computer simulations of astrophysical flows using advanced astrophysical simulation codes, and demonstrate an understanding of the physics and mathematics behind modern large-scale astrophysical simulations.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 3 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (3 hours): 50%

Workshops: 30% (Hurdle)

Assignments: 20%

Hurdle: Students must pass the workshop component of this unit in order to pass the unit.

The workload to achieve the learning outcomes for this unit is 144 hours spread across the semester (roughly 12 hours per week) - approximately an even mixture of attendance at scheduled activities and self-scheduled study time. Learning activities comprise a mixture of instructor directed, peer directed and self-directed learning, which includes face-to-face and online engagement.

See also Unit timetable information

Astrophysics

Physics

This unit gives students theoretical background and practical experience in modern observational astronomy. ASP3231 students study telescope optics, spectroscopy, CCD imaging, image processing, statistics, astronomical distances, stellar evolution, extrasolar planets, neutron stars and galaxies. An observational project, including an astronomical observing session and analysis of the observations, comprises a substantial component of ASP3231.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Explain and understand the concepts taught in the unit, including astronomical instrumentation, data processing, photometry and spectroscopy;
2. Describe how we observe celestial objects across the electromagnetic spectrum and how these observations are used to understand the nature of celestial objects;
3. Evaluate the accuracy of astronomical instrumentation and observations, including angular resolution, spectroscopic resolution and photometric precision;
4. Apply their knowledge to execute an observing program and use astronomical imaging to understand the nature of a celestial object;
5. Present and communicate the results of an astronomical observing program.

Examination (2 hours): 40%

Laboratory: 15%

Project: 35%

Assignments: 10%

Hurdle requirement: Students must achieve a pass mark in the laboratory/project component to achieve an overall pass grade.

The workload to achieve the learning outcomes for this unit is 144 hours spread across the semester (roughly 12 hours per week) - approximately an even mixture of attendance at scheduled activities and self-scheduled study time. Learning activities comprise a mixture of instructor directed, peer directed and self-directed learning, which includes face-to-face and online engagement.

Note: the unit includes a commitment of 3-5 hours of astronomical observing after hours (evening) using our facilities on Martin St, with the exact timing being weather dependent.

See also Unit timetable information

Astrophysics

Physics

Students undertake a project, involving original research in one of the School's research themes, which encompass a diverse range of "cutting-edge" topics, including: active galaxies, astrophysical fluid dynamics and magneto-hydrodynamics, galaxy evolution, first stars, the formation of stars, stellar evolution, stellar nucleosynthesis, nuclear astrophysics, chemical evolution, galactic archaeology, supernovae and supernovae remnants, neutron stars, stellar transients, supermassive black holes, high energy astrophysics, gravitational wave astronomy, stellar and planetary dynamics and exoplanets. A full list of projects will be made available to students prior to commencing their MSc program.

The research project may be observational, computational or theoretical in nature, or it may involve a combination of these research paradigms. Each student will be assigned an academic supervisor (or supervisors), who will oversee the research project and provide mentoring. Students will be required to undertake a comprehensive literature review and report their preliminary results via a seminar. The major outcomes of the project will be communicated in the form of a thesis. Students will also be required to defend their research outcomes via an oral examination. For most students their project will be continued into the second year of the MSc program; hence ASP4000 will lay the foundations for a substantial ongoing research project in the second year of the degree.

As part of their research training, students will be affiliated with one of the School's research groups (aligned with their research project) and will be required to attend weekly group meetings, seminars and colloquia. Opportunities will also be provided to students to receive training in specialist areas associated with their research project, e.g., technical computing, visualisation of data, specific observational techniques, etc.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Understand, use and explain the basic concepts and principles of the research literature which underpin the chosen area of astrophysics research.
2. Synthesise and interpret the knowledge gained in the study of the underpinning research literature. This leads to the ability to identify a niche topic or topics within this existing body of literature, which represents a gap in current knowledge. This problem should be suitable for original research.
3. Advance our understanding of an existing problem or problems in the chosen area for original research.
4. Present the results of the original research in written form as a thesis, and also present key thesis results in oral form as a final seminar.
5. Defend the results of the original research in an oral exam.

Literature review: 20%

Seminar: 10%

Thesis: 70%

48 hours per week which includes 36 hours of independent research; 7 hours of literature review, seminar and thesis preparation; 3 hours attendance at group meetings, seminars colloquia; 1 hour specialist training and 1 hour consultation with supervisor.

See also Unit timetable information

Master of Science in Astrophysics

Students undertake a project, involving original research in one of the School's research themes, which encompass a diverse range of "cutting-edge" topics, including: active galaxies, astrophysical fluid dynamics and magneto-hydrodynamics, galaxy evolution, first stars, the formation of stars, stellar evolution, stellar nucleosynthesis, nuclear astrophysics, chemical evolution, galactic archaeology, supernovae and supernovae remnants, neutron stars, stellar transients, supermassive black holes, high energy astrophysics, gravitational wave astronomy, stellar and planetary dynamics and exoplanets. A full list of projects will be made available to students prior to commencing their MSc program.

The research project may be observational, computational or theoretical in nature, or it may involve a combination of these research paradigms. Each student will be assigned an academic supervisor (or supervisors), who will oversee the research project and provide mentoring. Students will be required to undertake a comprehensive literature review and report their preliminary results via a seminar. The major outcomes of the project will be communicated in the form of a thesis. Students will also be required to defend their research outcomes via an oral examination. For most students their project will be continued into the second year of the MSc program; hence ASP4001 will lay the foundations for ASP4002Not offered in 2019 and a substantial ongoing research project in the second part of the degree.

As part of their research training, students will be affiliated with one of the School's research groups (aligned with their research project) and will be required to attend fortnightly weekly group meetings, seminars and colloquia. Opportunities will also be provided to students to receive training in specialist areas associated with their research project, e.g., technical computing, visualisation of data, specific observational techniques, etc.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Understand, use and explain the basic concepts and principles of the research literature which underpin the chosen area of astrophysics research.
2. Synthesise and interpret the knowledge gained in the study of the underpinning research literature. This leads to the ability to identify a niche topic or topics within this existing body of literature, which represents a gap in current knowledge. This problem should be suitable for original research.
3. Advance our understanding of an existing problem or problems in the chosen area for original research.
4. Present the results of the original research in written form of an interim report, and also present key results in oral form as an interim seminar.

Interim Literature review: 20%

Interim Seminar: 20%

Interim Report: 60%

24 hours per week which includes 18 hours of independent research; 4 hours of literature review, seminar and thesis

preparation (averaged over the semester); attendance at group meetings, seminars colloquia equivalent to 1 hour per week; specialist training and consultation with supervisor, 1 hour each per fortnight.

See also Unit timetable information

Master of Science in Astrophysics

Students undertake a project, involving original research in one of the School's research themes, which encompass a diverse range of "cutting-edge" topics, including active galaxies, astrophysical fluid dynamics and magneto-hydrodynamics, galaxy evolution, first stars, the formation of stars, stellar evolution, stellar nucleosynthesis, nuclear astrophysics, chemical evolution, galactic archaeology, supernovae and supernovae remnants, neutron stars, stellar transients, supermassive black holes, high energy astrophysics, gravitational wave astronomy, stellar and planetary dynamics and exoplanets. A full list of projects will be made available to students prior to commencing their MSc program.

The research project may be observational, computational or theoretical in nature, or it may involve a combination of these research paradigms. Each student will be assigned an academic supervisor (or supervisors), who will oversee the research project and provide mentoring. Students will be required to undertake a comprehensive literature review and report their preliminary results via a seminar. The major outcomes of the project will be communicated in the form of a thesis. Students will also be required to defend their research outcomes via an oral examination. For most students their project will be continued into the second part of the MSc program hence ASP4001 and ASP4002 will lay the foundations for a substantial ongoing research project in the second part of the degree.

As part of their research training, students will be affiliated with one of the School's research groups (aligned with their research project) and will be required to attend fortnightly group meetings, seminars and colloquia. Opportunities will also be provided to students to receive training in specialist areas associated with their research project, e.g., technical computing, visualisation of data, specific observational techniques, etc.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Understand, use and explain the basic concepts and principles of the research literature which underpin the chosen area of astrophysics research.
2. Synthesise and interpret the knowledge gained in the study of the underpinning research literature. This leads to the ability to identify a niche topic or topics within this existing body of literature, which represents a gap in current knowledge. This problem should be suitable for original research.
3. Advance our understanding of an existing problem or problems in the chosen area for original research.
4. Present the results of the original research in written form as a thesis, and also present key thesis results in oral form as a final seminar.
5. Defend the results of the original research in an oral exam.

Literature review: 20%

Seminar: 10%

Thesis: 70%

24 hours per week which includes 18 hours of independent research; 4 hours of literature review, seminar and thesis preparation (averaged over the semester); attendance at group meetings, seminars colloquia equivalent to 1 hour per week; specialist training and consultation with a supervisor, 1 hour each per fortnight.

See also Unit timetable information

Master of Science in Astrophysics

Students undertake studies in three selected topics in Astrophysics and related fields, which provide the foundational basis for modern astrophysics and cosmology. These develop expertise in computational astrophysics, observational astronomy, data analysis and the skills required to effectively communicate their findings using contemporary communication tools. The three topics comprise:

Computational astrophysics (compulsory)

Advanced observational astronomy

Foundations of general relativity and cosmology.

NB: Subject to approval by the Chief Examiner, one of the topics in ASP4020 may be replaced by a topic from PHS4020.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate an understanding of fundamental aspects of observational astronomy, computational astrophysics, cosmology, and related disciplines.
2. Develop skills in computation and astronomical observation that are fundamental to the study of astrophysics.
3. Synthesize and interpret astrophysical knowledge.
4. Make effective use of information and communication technology for the collection and analysis of data, the solution to problems in astrophysics and the written/oral presentation of work relevant to the area of study.

Examinations (2 hours): 50%

Tests: 20%

Assignments: 30%

A total of 24 hours per week

• 3-three hours lectures/workshops/tutorials
• Three hours of consultation and online discussions involving peers and staff
• 12 hours of independent study

See also Unit timetable information

Master of Science in Astrophysics

Students undertake studies in three selected topics in Astrophysics and related fields, which provide fundamental instruction in key aspects of modern astrophysics.

These develop expertise in computational modelling, data analysis and the skills required to effectively communicate their findings using contemporary communication tools. The three topics are chosen from:

Dynamics of Exoplanets

Stellar Astrophysics - Part 1

Magneto-Hydrodynamic Theory and Applications - Part 1

NB: Subject to approval by the Chief Examiner, one of the topics in ASP4021 may be replaced by a topic from PHS4021.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate an understanding of fundamental aspects of computational modelling in astrophysics and related disciplines.
2. Develop skills in computational modelling that are fundamental to the study of astrophysics.
3. Synthesise and interpret astrophysical knowledge.
4. Make effective use of information and communication technology for the collection and analysis of data, the solution to problems in astrophysics and the written/oral presentation of work relevant to the area of study.

Examinations (2 hours): 50%

Tests: 20%

Assignments: 30%

24 hours per week

• 3 x Three hours lectures/workshops/tutorials per week
• Three hours of consultation and online discussions involving peers and staff
• 12 hours of independent study per week

See also Unit timetable information

Master of Science in Astrophysics

Students are required to complete a research project involving original work on a topic chosen in consultation with their academic supervisor.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Understand, use and explain the basic concepts and principles of the research literature which underpins the chosen area of astrophysics research.
2. Synthesise and interpret their knowledge gained in their study of the underpinning research literature, hence identifying a niche topic or topics within this existing body of literature, which represents a gap in knowledge suitable for original research.
3. Solve a complex and outstanding problem or problems in the chosen area for original research.
4. Present the results of their original research in both written form as a thesis, and present their key thesis results in oral form as a final seminar;
5. Defend the results of their original research in an oral exam.

Research project (project work, research seminar, thesis and oral defence): 100%

Astrophysics

ASP4110 and ASP4120 together, are equivalent to ASP4100 but they enable students to study part time by allowing completion of the work over a longer time period.

Students are required to complete the first part of a research project involving original work on a topic chosen in consultation with their academic supervisor.

On completion of this unit (and ASP4120) students will be able to:

1. Understand, use and explain the basic concepts and principles of the research literature which underpins the chosen area of astrophysics research;
2. Synthesise and interpret their knowledge gained in their study of the underpinning research literature, hence identifying a niche topic or topics within this existing body of literature, which represents a gap in knowledge suitable for original research;
3. Solve a complex and outstanding problem or problems in the chosen area for original research;
4. Present the results of their original research in both written form as a thesis, and present their key thesis results in oral form as a final seminar;
5. Defend the results of their original research in an oral exam.

Research project (project work, research seminar, thesis and oral defence): 100%

Astrophysics

ASP4110 and ASP4120 together, are equivalent to ASP4100 but they enable students to study part time by allowing completion of the work over a longer time period.

Students are required to complete the first part of a research project involving original work on a topic chosen in consultation with their academic supervisor.

On completion of this unit (and ASP4110) students will be able to:

1. Understand, use and explain the basic concepts and principles of the research literature which underpins the chosen area of astrophysics research;
2. Synthesise and interpret their knowledge gained in their study of the underpinning research literature, hence identifying a niche topic or topics within this existing body of literature, which represents a gap in knowledge suitable for original research;

3. Solve a complex and outstanding problem or problems in the chosen area for original research;
4. Present the results of their original research in both written form as a thesis, and present their key thesis results in oral form as a final seminar;
5. Defend the results of their original research in an oral exam.

Research project (project work, research seminar, thesis and oral defense): 100%

An average of 24 hours of study per week split between independent research,

collaborative research, thesis writing, preparation for the seminar presentation and oral defence, and meeting with supervisors.

See also Unit timetable information

Astrophysics

ASP4200 is a level four unit in the Honours Program of the Bachelor of Science course. The unit comprises six approved lecture topics which students can choose from those offered in the Honours Handbook of the School of Physics and Astronomy. These provide advanced instruction in Astrophysics and related fields, and support for students wishing to develop a career in research.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate an advanced understanding of astrophysics and related disciplines.
2. Synthesize and interpret their knowledge.
3. Apply their knowledge and critical thinking skills to the solution of complex problems.
4. Plan, and efficiently carry out, work requirements.
5. Make effective use of information and communication technology for the collection and analysis of data, the solution of problems and the presentation of their work. Students will also be able to:

6. Understand, use and explain the basic concepts and principles of the research literature which underpins their chosen area of research in astrophysics.

Six lecture topics (a mixture of assignments and examinations: 15% each): 90%

Literature review 10%

Approximately 8-10 hours and lectures and practice classes per week for 24 weeks (two semesters).

See also Unit timetable information

Astrophysics

ASP4210 and ASP4220 together, are equivalent to ASP4200 but they enable students to study part-time by allowing completion of the work over a longer time period.

Students are required to select three subunits (covering advanced coursework topics) from offerings within the School of Physics and Astronomy. These subunits are to be selected in consultation with the student's academic supervisor. Some subunits may be chosen from outside the School - with permission from the honours coordinator.

Students will also complete a literature review related to the research project component of their honours course.

On completion of this unit (and ASP4220) in the context of their selected subunits,

students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate an advanced understanding of astrophysics and related disciplines.
2. Synthesize and interpret their knowledge.
3. Apply their knowledge and critical thinking skills to the solution of complex problems.
4. Plan, and efficiently carry out, work requirements.
5. Make effective use of information and communication technology for the collection and analysis of data, the solution of problems and the presentation of their work. Students will also be able to:

6. Understand, use and explain the basic concepts and principles of the research literature which underpins their chosen area of research in astrophysics.

Three lecture topics (a mixture of assignments and examinations: 30% each): 90%

Literature review: 10%

An average of 24 hours of study per week split between the three sub-units and work on the literature review.

See also Unit timetable information

Astrophysics

ASP4210 and ASP4220 together, are equivalent to ASP4200 but they enable students to study part-time by allowing completion of the work over a longer time period.

Students are required to select three subunits (covering advanced coursework topics) from offerings within the School of Physics and Astronomy. These subunits are to be selected in consultation with the student's academic supervisor. Some subunits may be chosen from outside the School - with permission from the honours coordinator.

Students will also complete a literature review related to the research project component of their honours course.

On completion of this unit (and ASP4210) in the context of their selected subunits, students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate an advanced understanding of astrophysics and related disciplines.
2. Synthesise and interpret their knowledge.
3. Apply their knowledge and critical thinking skills to the solution of complex problems.
4. Plan, and efficiently carry out, work requirements.
5. Make effective use of information and communication technology for the collection and analysis of data, the solution of problems and the presentation of their work. Students will also be able to:

6. Understand, use and explain the basic concepts and principles of the research literature which underpins their chosen area of research in astrophysics.

Three lecture topics (a mixture of assignments and examinations: 30% each):90%

Literature review: 10%

An average of 24 hours of study per week split between the three sub-units and work on the literature review.

See also Unit timetable information

Astrophysics

This unit focuses on the action of major classes of biomolecules in biologically and medically relevant systems. Protein structure is related to function in contexts such as blood cells and extracellular matrix. The folding of proteins and the consequences of misfolding, as a cause of disease, are also explored. The mechanism of action of enzymes in medically important systems is examined. Carbohydrates and lipids are examined in the context of their function in diverse cellular compartments and biological membranes, respectively. The techniques used to isolate and study proteins, including their analysis using the tools provided by the new science of bioinformatics, are explored.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Describe how the structure of biologically relevant molecules contributes to their function in cells and organisms;
2. Define the molecular structure of biological membranes and their role in cellular metabolism;
3. Explain the physical and biochemical properties of proteins and describe how proteins function as enzymes;
4. Summarise the techniques and underpinning science that is exploited for the isolation, separation and characterisation of biological molecules;
5. Demonstrate technical skills in basic laboratory techniques used for the separation and identification of biological molecules and for measuring enzymatic behaviour;
6. Demonstrate the skills necessary to accurately interpret biochemical data;
7. Demonstrate an ability to research original published scientific literature and effectively communicate your findings either orally or in writing.

Mid-semester test (45 min): 10%

Examination (3 hours): 60% (Hurdle)

Small group/practical work: 30% (Hurdle)

This unit is subject to the Hurdle and Threshold Standards policiesHurdle and Threshold Standards policies (http://www.med.monash.edu.au/policies/assessment-policy-2017.html) of the Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences.

• Three 1-hour lectures and one 3-hour practical/tutorial/self-directed learning exercise per week

See also Unit timetable information

Biochemistry

A general outline of cellular metabolism is provided. The material presented will illustrate normal metabolic pathways and their dysfunction in various human diseases and conditions including diabetes, alcoholism, starvation, glycogen storage diseases and juvenile developmental problems. The biochemical basis of hormonal regulation and nutrition, in both famine and disease, is presented.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Discuss the function, interrelationship and regulation of the biochemical pathways used to generate biological energy;
2. Discuss the biosynthesis and explain the role of carbohydrates and lipids in metabolism;
3. Use case studies of human disorders to illustrate how metabolic processes are regulated and integrated in cells and tissues;
4. Relate how nutrition impacts on cellular biochemistry;
5. Evaluate clinically relevant metabolic problems from a biochemical viewpoint and communicate effectively to diverse audiences;
6. Apply scientific methodology and relevant laboratory techniques to define essential steps in biochemical pathways.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 3 hours and 10 minutes.

Quizzes: 10%

Examination (3 hours): 60% (Hurdle)

Practicals and in-class exercises: 30% (Hurdle)

This unit is subject to the Hurdle and Threshold Standards policiesHurdle and Threshold Standards policies (http://www.med.monash.edu.au/policies/assessment-policy-2017.html) of the Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences.

Six hours of directed learning (lectures, workshops, pre- and post-class activities, practicals and tutorials) per week

See also Unit timetable information

Biochemistry

This unit provides an advanced understanding of the structure-function of the individual structural organelles and components of the cell in the context of cell biology and disease processes. Topics include the cytoskeleton, the formation of the membranes, the intracellular trafficking of proteins, the cellular internalization/export of proteins. Overriding themes of this subject are:

1. to view the cell as a dynamic unit composed of a series of interacting organelles
2. to understand the cell as a semi-independent biological entity in constant contact and communication with the extracellular environment and with other cells in multicellular organisms.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Describe the structure of eukaryotic cells and explain the function of key organelles;
2. Outline how different organelles are formed and positioned within cells and how these organelles respond to a changing environment;
3. Explain the mechanisms that target and move proteins to the correct organelle and how protein mis-localisation and organelle dysfunction may lead to human disease;
4. Discuss how the application of fluorescence-based imaging and other technologies increases our understanding of cells, organelles and cellular proteins;
5. Demonstrate the ability to organise, plan and successfully execute laboratory experiments relevant to molecular cell biology, as well as analyse and report the results in a meaningful way;
6. Demonstrate the ability to conduct literature-based research, identify key knowledge and concepts and build coherent arguments and explanations either in writing or in oral presentations;
7. Work effectively as a pair or in a group to achieve academic tasks collaboratively with respect for each other.

Examination (3 hours): 50% (Hurdle)

In-semester quizzes on lecture material: 10%

Small group/practical work: 30% (Hurdle)

Evaluation of mentored literature review (Essay): 10% (Hurdle)

This unit is subject to the Hurdle and Threshold Standards policiesHurdle and Threshold Standards policies (http://www.med.monash.edu.au/policies/assessment-policy-2017.html) of the Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences.

• Two 1-hour lectures and one 4-hour practical/tutorial/self-directed learning exercise per week

See also Unit timetable information

Biochemistry

This unit provides an understanding of DNA as the genetic component of organisms and cells, encompassing the information content, the organisation of DNA sequences, and the expression of this information into RNA and proteins. Topics include global aspects of genome organisation and expression outcomes (genomics and proteomics, respectively). Other themes include the molecular diagnosis and treatment of human genetic disease using emerging technologies such as genome mining and novel gene therapy strategies.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Describe the structure, organisation and functional rearrangement of eukaryotic genomes;
2. Explain the mechanism of DNA replication in eukaryotic cells;
3. Illustrate how gene expression is regulated in eukaryotes and how studies of DNA, RNA and protein levels contribute to our understanding of these processes;
4. Discuss how cell and animal models are used to build our understanding of disease processes and to develop potential therapies;
5. Describe how the application of genomic and other technologies is used to further our understanding of genomes and the treatment of disease;
6. Demonstrate the ability to organise, plan and successfully execute laboratory experiments relevant to advanced molecular biology, as well as analyse and report the results in a meaningful way;
7. Demonstrate the ability to undertake literature based research to collect and evaluate information relevant to current problems in biochemistry and molecular biology and to effectively communicate ideas in writing or orally.

Examination (3 hours): 55% (Hurdle)

Essay (2000 words): 15% (Hurdle)

Small group/practical work: 30% (Hurdle)

This unit is subject to the Hurdle and Threshold Standards policiesHurdle and Threshold Standards policies (http://www.med.monash.edu.au/policies/assessment-policy-2017.html) of the Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences.

• Two 1-hour lectures, one 1-hour tutorial and one 3-hour practical/ peer-group or self-directed learning exercise per week

See also Unit timetable information

Biochemistry

Microbiology

This unit provides an advanced understanding of the molecular aspects of cell proliferation, cell signalling, differentiation and cell death as they relate to cell biology and medicine, in particular cancer. Themes include basic mechanisms of cell signalling involving cell receptors, gene expression, hormones and endocrine networks, and intracellular signalling cascade. These concepts are applied to cell growth, differentiation and cell death and how the involvement of the immune system is regulated in diseases, including autoimmune diseases, cancer (and its treatment) and the destruction of T-cells after human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Discuss the basic mechanisms of cell signalling and how disordered intracellular signalling contributes to the development of cancer;
2. Discuss the various aspects of the immune system in relation cell signalling and infectious disease;
3. Explain how cell death contributes to differentiation and disease;
4. Conduct literature-based research to critically evaluate how our evolving understanding of signal transduction contributes towards advances in biology, biotechnology and medicine and effectively communicate their research by both verbal and oral means;
5. Discuss the importance of the discipline to current advances in biology, biotechnology and medicine;
6. Illustrate how relevant laboratory techniques can be exploited to define essential steps in biochemical pathways;
7. Plan and apply advanced biochemical laboratory methods to solve problems in cell signalling and demonstrate appropriate methods for data analysis and interpretation;
8. Demonstrate technical and time management skills.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 3 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (3 hours): 55% (Hurdle)

On-line MCQ quizzes: 10%

Practicals: 20% (Hurdle)

Paper analysis exercise: 15% (Hurdle)

This unit is subject to the Hurdle and Threshold Standards policiesHurdle and Threshold Standards policies (http://www.med.monash.edu.au/policies/assessment-policy-2017.html) of the Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences.

• Two hours of lectures
• One hour guided learning/revision/online activity and;
• One 3-hour practical/tutorial self-directed learning exercise per week

See also Unit timetable information

Biochemistry

The course will give students an advanced understanding of protein structure-function in the context of human disease. Major themes relate the various levels of protein structure to their wide ranging functions, introduce modern techniques used in the analysis of structure and function, and explore the rapidly developing area of protein-related biotechnologies and drug design. Topics to be covered include examples of aberrations in protein structure that lead to alteration in function in a variety of biological contexts, emphasizing disease. Additionally the use of bioinformatics in aiding our understanding of protein sequence, structure and function will be highlighted.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Describe the relationship between protein sequence, structure and function and relate this to specific examples in human health and disease;
2. Explain how proteins fold to their correct three dimensional shape and how this process may go wrong and cause disease;
3. Illustrate how NMR and X-ray crystallography are used to determine the structure of a peptide or protein;
4. Critically analyse how our understanding of proteins contributes to biotechnology and medicine, in particular comment on the contribution of protein engineering and proteomics to these fields;
5. Describe the use of fluorescent proteins as tools for characterising the role of proteins in vivo;
6. Apply experimental techniques and methodologies to determine the structure and function of an unknown protein.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (2 hours): 60% (Hurdle)

Practical theory test: 10% (Hurdle)

Practicals: 30% (Hurdle)

This unit is subject to the Hurdle and Threshold Standards policiesHurdle and Threshold Standards policies (http://www.med.monash.edu.au/policies/assessment-policy-2017.html) of the Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences.

• Two hours of lectures and four hours of laboratory or tutorial sessions per week

See also Unit timetable information

Biochemistry

Microbiology

This unit provides the opportunity for high achieving students to work with an academic supervisor and complete a research project in Biochemistry. The research project may be chosen from a list of projects available at the beginning of semester from the Department of Biochemistry. The unit convenor and supervisor must approve the project topic at the time of enrolment. Student will work in a research laboratory to obtain data, will complete a written preliminary and final report and will give a series of oral presentations on their work.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Undertake a research project with regard to ethical and safety regulations;
2. Demonstrate technical skills in experimental methods and the ability to collect, analyse and interpret data using methods relevant to the discipline of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology;
3. Communicate appropriately and effectively with supervisors, laboratory staff and students;
4. Maintain accurate and up-to-date records of experimental procedures, results and outcomes;
5. Identify relevant published scientific literature and critically analyse and evaluate the content in the context of the discipline of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology;
6. Construct written reports.

Two 15 minute oral reports (preliminary 10% and final 10%): 20%

Preliminary written reports(1,000 words): 10%

Final written report (5,000 words): 50% (Hurdle)

Assessment of laboratory work: 20%

This unit is subject to the Hurdle and Threshold Standards policiesHurdle and Threshold Standards policies (http://www.med.monash.edu.au/policies/assessment-policy-2017.html) of the Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences.

• 12 hours per week

See also Unit timetable information

Biochemistry

Microbiology

This unit will explore the fundamental processes and patterns common to all life on Earth. It will examine how living organisms grow, develop diverse and complex structures, harness and utilise energy and transmit their life blueprints to the next generation. In this unit, students will progress through fundamental themes in cellular biology, biochemistry, genetics, genomics and microbiology. They will examine contemporary issues in biological sciences and the societal impact that biology has by learning from world-class researchers and industry experts.

Students will undertake self-directed learning through the online environment. These online activities, readings and instructional videos will be complemented by face-to-face workshops where they will collaborate with peers and teaching staff to deepen their understanding of the biological concepts introduced each week. Students will gain hands-on experience and develop experimental and analytical skills in the laboratory environment. Optional drop-in tutorials are available for additional learning support. BIO1011 is ideally paired with BIO1022 and/or BIO1042.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Identify and describe the concepts, processes and practical applications of cell biology, biochemistry, genetics, molecular biology and microbiology in society and everyday human life;
2. Demonstrate proficiency in communicating scientific results through a range of formats (written and oral);
3. Formulate hypotheses, collect experimental data and demonstrate proficiency in interpreting their results;
4. Demonstrate competence and precision in the use of common life sciences equipment and techniques;
5. Utilise research skills including database searches to synthesise and interpret information related to scientific research, using appropriate conventions for scientific attribution;
6. Work effectively, responsibly, safely and ethically, both individually and in peer or team contexts

Examination (2 hours): 50%

Continuous assessment through laboratory classes, online activities and assessments: 50% (Hurdle)

Hurdle requirement: Students must attend at least 80% of workshops and laboratory classes to be eligible to pass this unit

• One 1-hour workshop and
• 1.5-2 hours online activities per week
• Six 3-hour practicals per semester

See also Unit timetable information

Applied microbiology

Biochemistry

Biotechnology

Developmental biology

Ecology and conservation biology

Genetics

Human pathology

Immunology

Microbiology

Molecular biology

Pharmacology

Physiology

Plant sciences

Tropical environmental biology

Zoology

This unit views the extraordinary diversity of life on Earth through the prism of evolutionary theory and in the context of human and environmental health. Students will examine how animals and plants, through the agents of gene mutation and natural selection, are able to adapt to new and changing environments. Diverse physiological, reproductive and behavioural solutions to life's challenges will be used to illustrate how evolutionary forces and constraints shape us and the world around us. We will then examine how interactions within and between species and with the non-living environment generate the immense ecological variety seen on Earth. Contemporary issues and the societal impact of biology will be explored by learning from world-class researchers and industry experts.

Students will undertake self-directed learning through the online environment. These online activities, readings and instructional videos will be complemented by face-to-face workshops where they will collaborate with peers and teaching staff to deepen their understanding of the biological concepts introduced each week. Students will gain hands-on experience and develop experimental and analytical skills in the laboratory environment. Optional drop-in tutorials are available for additional learning support. This unit is ideally paired with BIO1011 and/or BIO1042.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Identify and describe the role of biological concepts and processes of evolution, plant and animal physiology, reproduction and life history strategies and core ecological concepts in society and everyday human life;
2. Demonstrate proficiency in communicating scientific results through a range of formats (written and oral);
3. Formulate hypotheses, collect experimental data and demonstrate proficiency in interpreting their results;
4. Demonstrate competence and precision in the use of common life sciences equipment and techniques;
5. Utilise research skills including database searches to synthesise and interpret information related to scientific research, using appropriate conventions for scientific attribution;
6. Work effectively, responsibly, safely and ethically, both individually and in peer or team contexts.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (2 hours): 50%

Continuous assessment through laboratory classes and online activities: 50% (Hurdle)

Hurdle requirement: Students must attend at least 80% of workshops and laboratory classes to be eligible to pass this unit.

• One 1-hour workshop and
• 1.5-2 hours online activities per week
• Six 3-hour practicals per semester

See also Unit timetable information

Applied microbiology

Biochemistry

Biotechnology

Developmental biology

Ecology and conservation biology

Genetics

Human pathology

Immunology

Microbiology

Molecular biology

Pharmacology

Physiology

Plant sciences

Tropical environmental biology

Zoology

This unit explores the biosphere, environmental conditions and their effects on animals, plants and communities. Students will examine the responses of organisms to environmental conditions; interactions between plants and animals; environmental genetics and microbiology; management of biological resources; and an introduction to ecology and the impact of humans on the environment. Students will undertake self-directed learning through the online environment. These online activities, readings and instructional videos will be complemented by face-to-face workshops where they will collaborate with peers and teaching staff to deepen their understanding of the biological concepts introduced each week. Students will gain hands-on experience and develop experimental and analytical skills in the laboratory environment. This unit is ideally paired with BIO1011 and/or BIO1022.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate an understanding of biodiversity, evolutionary concepts and processes, aspects of the evolution of the Australian biota, the nature of biogeochemical cycles, and human impacts on the biosphere;
2. Formulate hypotheses, collect experimental data and demonstrate proficiency in interpreting your own results;
3. Demonstrate proficiency in communicating biological results through a range of formats (written, oral, multimedia);
4. Self-evaluate and reflect upon the development of teamwork and communication skills;
5. Apply practical techniques and tools to conduct an investigation in the laboratory, field or virtual environment;
6. Work and learn independently and collaboratively while exercising personal, professional and social responsibility that recognises the importance of practising science sustainably, ethically and safely in society.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (2 hours): 50%

Continuous assignments comprising laboratory classes and reports: 50% (Hurdle)

Hurdle requirement: Students must attend at least 80% of workshops and laboratory classes to be eligible to pass this unit.

• One 1-hour workshop
• 1.5 - 2 hours online activities per week
• 3-hour weekly laboratory classes

See also Unit timetable information

Ecology and conservation biology

Environmental science

Genetics

Physiology

Plant sciences

Zoology

This unit is an introduction to ecology; the scientific study of the interactions between organisms and their environment. Ecology and biodiversity forms the foundation for understanding conservation and the management of genetics, species and ecosystem diversity. The approach taken is to address core ecological theory, but with an emphasis on contemporary management issues and applications. Topics include the scope and approaches of ecological enquiry; abiotic and biotic factors determining distributions; population growth and regulation; species interactions; patterns and maintenance of biodiversity; food web analysis; disturbance and succession; and production ecology and nutrient cycling. Particular emphasis is placed on integrating ecological processes across spatial and temporal scales. Practical work will be completed via a field excursion together with in-laboratory practical sessions.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Describe the modern scope of scientific inquiry in the field of ecology;
2. Describe the differences in the structure and function of different types of ecosystems;
3. Identify and describe the fundamental drivers of patterns in diversity;
4. Explain the main limitations on patterns of energy flow through natural food webs and ecosystems;
5. Quantitatively describe patterns in populations and communities;
6. Apply basic ecological sampling techniques in ecosystems and be proficient in summarising and reporting that data in the format of a scientific paper.

Theory examination (2 hours): 45%

Continuous assessment (quizzes): 10%

Participation in practical sessions: 5%

Practical assessment (three assignments): 40%

• Two 1-hour lectures
• One 3-hour practical or equivalent

See also Unit timetable information

Ecology and conservation biology

Environmental science

Plant sciences

This unit introduces students to the patterns and processes of evolution by natural selection. It investigates what species are, how to recognise them, how they are described and classified, and the range of circumstances and mechanisms under which they form in nature. Armed with this background, we investigate the evolution of the key biological phenomena of relevance to ecology, notably life-history evolution. The unit goes on to explore the genetic basis of evolution by natural selection and adaptation of organisms to their environments. This entails an appreciation of the control and inheritance of traits that have major influences in the lives of organisms, and fundamental evolutionary principles and approaches (Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, fitness, adaptive genetic variation, heritability of complex traits and their response to natural selection). Students will understand how different kinds of genetic variation are (and are not) associated with fitness of individual organisms and viability of populations. We then explore approaches to investigating population biology of organisms (such as estimating dispersal and gene flow in real landscapes) in a coherent progression encompassing small and large ecological scales. These concepts are illustrated by exploration of exciting examples encompassing pure and applied science, including urban ecology, invasion and conservation biology, global change ecology, with associated practical work. We examine fitness in natural populations and the special issues of small populations, particularly inbreeding depression, loss of genetic variation, limits to adaptation to new environmental pressures, and the relationship between genetic variation and extinction risk of populations and species. We investigate how genetic variation in organisms is associated with ecosystem function, ecological community structure and protection against environmental change. The unit ends with an assessment of how evolutionary principles can be applied to try and assist biota to adapt sufficiently rapidly to survive rapidly changing environments with multiple stressors.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Describe the theory of evolution;
2. Explain the fundamental processes of evolution via natural selection with particular reference to life history evolution;
3. Describe the principles of speciation, species concepts and systematically classifying organic diversity;
4. Outline the genetic basis of evolution, and the associated fundamental principles and approaches of evolutionary genetics;
5. Describe major types of genetic variation, and demonstrate an appreciation of how they may be applied to estimating major features of population biology;
6. Identify and explain the relationship between different types of genetic variation and the fitness and function of individuals;
7. Review and explain the theoretical and observed relationships between evolutionary genetic variation and extinction risk of populations, and describe the avenues by which evolutionary principles can be used to promote survival of populations and species in a changing and uncertain world;
8. Synthesise and communicate scientific principles and information underlying evolution in oral and/or written formats.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Final theory examination (2 hours): 50%

Practical assignments: 50%

• Two 1-hour lectures
• One 3-hour practical or equivalent

See also Unit timetable information

Ecology and conservation biology

Plant sciences

Zoology

This unit deals with threats to the environment associated with human activities and potential solutions to redress their impacts. Recent losses of biota have been caused by habitat loss and degradation, climate change and pollution, the introduction of exotic species and overexploitation of natural resources. Science-based conservation measures are explored that may reduce loss of biodiversity/ecosystem function, including habitat preservation and restoration, combating climate change, and intensive conservation of species. We analyse how conservation efforts may involve trade-offs with biological, economic, social and political factors.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Identify and describe the key environmental issues facing humankind and outline the role that humans play in environmental degradation and species extinction;
2. Evaluate and compare the conservation techniques that can be used to restore habitats and ecosystem function;
3. Appraise the special problems involved in attempting to conserve endangered species;
4. Integrate complex political, economic and social issues to formulate effective conservation outcomes;
5. Present and communicate conservation issues to the general public and other stakeholders in written and oral formats.

• Pre-class quizzes: 25%
• Post-class quizzes: 30%
• Within semester assignments: 45%

The workload to achieve the learning outcomes for this unit is 144 hours spread across the semester (roughly 12 hours per week) comprising:

• One 3.5 hour workshop
• 1.5 - 2 hours of online activities
• self directed study

See also Unit timetable information

Ecology and conservation biology

Environmental science

This unit examines the diversity of plant life, how plants evolved and how they live and grow. Topics cover evolutionary theory, the interpretation and use of phylogenetic trees in biodiversity research, plant form and function, and plant physiology. The unit provides an overview of the characteristics of algae, bryophytes, ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms. As we move through this diverse range of plants we discuss their evolutionary relationships and the adaptive significance of their key features, including the evolution of physiological and anatomical adaptations to different biomes.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Explain the evolutionary (i.e. phylogenetic) relationships among major plant lineages;
2. Describe the major structural innovations of each group and how they function;
3. Describe key physiological processes in plants and how they have evolved;
4. Describe the influence of evolutionary history and of the environment on biogeographic patterns of species occurrence, from community to continental scales;
5. Demonstrate a basic ability to use the command-line programming platform R to display phylogenetic trees and the use of phylogenetic information to analyse the evolution of traits and the formation of plant communities;
6. Demonstrate a basic ability to identify species of the Australian flora with the aid of taxonomic keys.

Mid semester examination (2 hours): 25%

Final examination (2 hours): 25%

Practical assessment: 25%

Plant identification project: 25%

• Two 1-hour lectures
• One 3-hour practical per week (or equivalent)

This unit may involve informal and formal excursions (unfunded).

See also Unit timetable information

Ecology and conservation biology

Plant sciences

Examines the diversity of animals and organises them in a systematic way using their evolutionary history. We examine a range of representatives from different animal phyla, starting with the structurally simple and progressing to mammals, in the context of emerging and changing patterns in their body plans. These are related to changes in the ecology and diversification within the phyla. Concepts and theories developed during the theory part of the course are developed further in the practical classes. During these interactive sessions use of live material is made for observation and the characters used to group animals into higher taxonomic groups are demonstrated and discussed.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Describe the origin of animals and how they differ from other living organisms;
2. Explain the relationship between animal diversity and evolutionary derived changes in animal body plans;
3. Identify major animal phyla;
4. Demonstrate skills in library and field research, data and information gathering, collation and organisation suitable for the preparation of a scientific report;
5. Demonstrate basic laboratory techniques associated with examining and handling zoological specimens.

Final theory exam (2 hours): 35%

Final practical exam (2 hours): 25%

Continuous assessment (mini quizzes): 10%

Practical assignments: 20%

Research project: 10%

• Two 1-hour lectures
• One 3-hour practical (or equivalent)

See also Unit timetable information

Ecology and conservation biology

Zoology

We examine how the form and function of animals enables them to meet their need to survive and reproduce. To do this, animals acquire, process and use energy to cope with challenges in the internal and external environments through a wide variety of physiological, morphological, reproductive and behavioural adaptations. In order to understand unifying principles, we examine the amazing variety of different solutions to common problems that animals encounter. Concepts and theories in lectures are expanded and developed in interactive practical classes where animal, digital sensor and model examples are used.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Describe the relationships between functional anatomy, physiology and behaviour of animals that allow them to survive and reproduce;
2. Explain the function of major biological systems in animals and their adaptations to different environments;
3. Contrast the varying life history strategies of animals;
4. Identify morphological features of animals and relate these features to their function;
5. Demonstrate skills in research, data and information gathering, collation and organisation suitable for the preparation of a scientific report.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Final theory exam (2 hours): 35%

Final practical exam (2 hours): 25%

Research project: 13%

Mini quizzes and reports: 27%

• Two 1-hour lectures
• One 3-hour practical (or equivalent

See also Unit timetable information

Zoology

This unit introduces students to ecological processes in terrestrial and aquatic tropical ecosystems. Students will gain an understanding of how populations of animals and plants survive and interact in tropical environments. The unit covers fundamental ecological theories and concepts such as biodiversity, population growth, predation, competition, succession, mutualism, nutrient cycling and disturbance. Consideration will be given to how many of these processes operate differently between tropical and temperate climates. Students will learn how ecological theory can be applied in the management and conservation of tropical environments. The practical component comprises group field projects in tropical rainforests.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate knowledge of the diversity of tropical ecosystems and how they function;
2. Demonstrate an understanding of ecological applications and processes relating to a range of aquatic and terrestrial tropical environments;
3. Undertake sampling programs to collect physico-chemical data and to identify and survey the flora and fauna of tropical habitats;
4. Manage, analyse and critically evaluate scientific data collected in the field;
5. Communicate findings effectively in the form of written scientific reports;
6. Work collaboratively and effectively in teams in tropical environments.

Two field trip reports: 50%

Examination (2 hours): 50%

• Two hours of lectures per week and the equivalent of three hours laboratory/field work per week

See also Unit timetable information

Tropical environmental biology

Biological data is inherently variable. It is essential therefore that modern biologists be able to assemble and analyse these data to make important scientific advances. This unit will provide students with the framework to understand biological information, to test hypotheses, and to design robust experiments in biology. The ability to critique the methods used by scientific studies, make inferences from quantitative data, and optimize experimental approaches will benefit students taking a wide range of research and project-based units. Focus will be placed on interpreting and evaluating studies from the scientific literature and communicating biological findings to a range of audiences. This unit is a prerequisite unit for Honours in Biology and Genetics (BIO4100 and BIO4200).

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Construct, test, and evaluate scientific hypotheses in biology;
2. Design and optimize experiments for answering biological questions;
3. Choose and justify an appropriate analysis for a biological dataset and research question;
4. Critically evaluate biological findings and make inferences from analyses presented in the literature;
5. Effectively communicate the outcomes of biological programs and experiments to a range of audiences.

Theory examination (2 hours): 50%

Continuous assessment: 50%

• Two 1-hour lectures
• The equivalent of 3 hours laboratory/tutorials per week

See also Unit timetable information

Ecology and conservation biology

Genetics

Plant sciences

Zoology

This unit investigates the organisms and the processes that drive marine ecosystems. We deal with the trophic structure of marine ecosystems, including primary and secondary production, microbial loops, food webs and their importance for marine fisheries. The implications of the characteristic life cycles of marine organisms to their geographical distribution are also considered. These topics are placed in the context of specific marine ecosystems including coastal habitats, coral reefs, open oceans, the deep sea and polar ecosystems. The practical component comprises a field trip (fee payable) either to Heron Island in December or the Queenscliff Marine Station in February where students work in small groups on specific aspects of marine biology.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Describe the diversity and ecological importance of marine life;
2. Explain the fundamental physiochemical and physiological processes underlying the productivity of marine environments;
3. Explain the ecological dynamics of marine ecosystems;
4. Discuss the impact of human activity on the sustainability of marine ecosystems;
5. Demonstrate advanced scientific skills in project design, data collection, analysis and writing.

Examination (2 hours): 50%

Practical work/field work/project work: 40%

Mini quizzes: 10%

Attendance at one of the two field trips offered for this unit is a mandatory hurdle for this unit.

• Two 1-hour lectures, equivalent of 3 hours laboratory/field work per week

See also Unit timetable information

Developmental biology

Ecology and conservation biology

Plant sciences

Zoology

This unit deals with several key areas of animal behaviour. We investigate animal communication systems, with particular emphasis on how signals are produced, transmitted and received, their information content and how they are sometimes used in social manipulation. We then go on to explore the way in which behaviour develops during the animal's early life and the various influences that shape this development before moving on to examine the genetic regulation of behaviour, how behaviour evolves and how we can use comparative methods to study this process. The rest of the unit is then devoted to behavioural ecology which deals with the role of behaviour in the animal's interactions with its environment and the ways in which the environment shapes adaptive behaviour on an evolutionary time scale. Topics covered in this area include foraging and anti-predator behaviour, social organisation, mating systems and parental care.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Describe the mechanisms underlying animal behaviour;
2. Explain how behaviour develops and why it is adaptive;
3. Evaluate the ways in which the environment shapes adaptive behaviour;
4. Design, conduct and analyse the results of an extended research project;
5. Communicate findings to a scientific and a general audience in individual and group settings.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (2 hours): 50%

Project outline: 5%

Project report: 35%

Group poster presentation: 10%

Two 1-hour lectures and 3 hours practical work per week

See also Unit timetable information

Ecology and conservation biology

Zoology

This unit will investigate what's hot in the science of ecology and how we got there by following the history of ecological ideas and the people behind them through to the big questions that remain unanswered in ecology today. The ecological dimensions of space and time will be a common theme running through the unit as we explore the ecology of fitness, interaction networks and the four 'M's - metacommunity ecology, metasystems, metabolic ecology and macroecology. Underpinning all of this will be the recognition of the interplay between ecology and evolution that is blurring the distinction between the two disciplines. Each topic and its core concepts will be covered in lectures and the relevance of these topics to the changing world and to conservation will be discussed. Material presented in lectures will be supported by practical and tutorial sessions. Together we will read and interpret 'hot off the press' ecology research papers, debate controversial topics in the field, delve into live data and design experiments to answer unsolved problems.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Explain and describe current topics in ecology and their core concepts;
2. Discuss the development of ecological ideas and current questions in the field;
3. Gather, analyse, interpret and discuss primary data and research publications in the topics covered;
4. Design experiments and develop hypotheses to test contextually-relevant research questions;
5. Present and debate unanswered questions and controversial ideas in the field;
6. Work effectively in individual and peer or team contexts.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (2 hours): 50%

Continuous assessment: 50%

Note that the continuous assessment will include online quizzes, analysis of data, design of experiments, presentations and structured debates during tutorial sessions, as well as the evaluation and discussion of publications during tutorials.

• Two 1-hour lectures
• One 3-hour practical or tutorial per week

See also Unit timetable information

Ecology and conservation biology

Environmental science

Plant sciences

Zoology

This unit studies how human-induced environmental changes, such as climate change, affects organisms and ecosystems. We explore how environmental stresses affect the physiology, behaviour, and ecological interactions of different organisms. In turn, the implications of these changes for biodiversity and human society are also examined. The unit covers a range of organisms (i.e. plants, vertebrates, invertebrates, microorganisms) and biomes (e.g. grasslands, oceans, coral reefs, Antarctica). Throughout the course, we also consider intervention strategies that can increase the sustainability of human development and reduce its impacts on biota.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Summarise the main anthropogenic pressures on biota, including climate change, land use change, pollution, and invasive species.
2. Explain how plants and animals respond to environmental stresses, including by modulating: gene expression, metabolism, morphology, and behaviour.
3. Assess how environmental change affects biodiversity, food security, and other ecosystem services.
4. Predict how ongoing environmental changes will affect the ecological distributions and interactions of animals, plants, and microorganisms.
5. Propose and evaluate strategies to prevent or mitigate environmental change and its impacts on biota.
6. Demonstrate critical analytical approaches to scientific research and writing scientific reports.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (2 hours): 50%

Practical work: 50%

• Two 1-hour lectures and the equivalent of three hours of laboratory work per week

See also Unit timetable information

Ecology and conservation biology

Environmental science

Plant sciences

Zoology

This unit focuses on the factors influencing the distribution, composition and structure of plant communities from around the world, and the characteristics of the component plant species that enable them to survive in diverse environments. Methods of quantifying community parameters and physiological responses are covered in the practical course. Case studies will focus on Australian species. There is a four-day field excursion during the Easter break (fee payable).

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Describe the broad characteristics of the Earth's major vegetation types, and functional and structural differences between plants adapted to different environments;
2. Explain the fundamental physiological and ecological processes that influence vegetation types and their component species;
3. Integrate and explain various environmental interactions and their impact on plant growth and development;
4. Demonstrate strong competence in methodological approaches used in the plant sciences, including the collection, interpretation, analysis and synthesis of biological data;
5. Effectively communicate the results of practical and project work in a range of modes and for a variety of audiences;
6. Work effectively, responsibly and safely in individual and peer or team contexts.

Examination (2 hours): 50%

Practical report: 35%

Essay: 15%

• Two 1-hour lectures, equivalent of 3 hours laboratory or field work per week

See also Unit timetable information

Ecology and conservation biology

Environmental science

Plant sciences

Zoology

This subject explores and evaluates the many ways in which ecological knowledge and concepts can be used to achieve positive outcomes in areas of conservation and natural resource management. It examines the many dimensions of environmental challenges and the tools and approaches for effectively managing natural systems. The unit will focus on a range of issues that are of current importance in both academic research areas and relevant policy areas for Australia and globally. The practical component will consist of three projects that directly relate to lecture content, with an emphasis on developing skills that will be relevant for careers in natural resource management.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Describe the links between natural resource management and the ecological theory on which it is based;
2. Apply the principles of environmental management at local, regional, national and global scales;
3. Employ tools to assist in making robust management decisions and assess their strengths and weaknesses;
4. Evaluate the need to cater for genetic variation and evolutionary potential;
5. Assess the social, economic, ethical and political considerations of resource management, and how they impact decisions.

Examination (2 hours): 45%

Three practical reports (10%, 15% and 20%): 45%

Five quizzes (2% each): 10%

• Two 1-hour lectures and 3 hours laboratory work per week

See also Unit timetable information

Ecology and conservation biology

Environmental science

Zoology

The diversity and biology of Australian vertebrates will be investigated in relation to biogeographical history and ecology of the region. The course examines the biology of Australian vertebrates as examples of the physiological, behavioural and nutritional adaptations that animals around the world develop in response to environmental challenges. Specific topics will include; life history strategies of birds and mammals with particular emphasis on marsupials, clutch size in birds and the relationship to latitude, cooperative breeding in birds, physiological adaptations to temperate and arid conditions, and feeding adaptations in relation to the evolution of dietary resources.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Describe the historical factors that have influenced the evolution of the Australian vertebrate fauna.
2. Explain the significance of physiological, behavioural, reproductive and nutritional adaptations in vertebrates in relation to their ecology.
3. Describe the diversity and distribution of major vertebrate taxa in Australia.
4. Demonstrate competence in techniques for investigating the functional biology of organisms.
5. Communicate scientific findings in oral and written forms.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (2 hours): 50%

Written reports: 40%

Oral presentation 10%

• Two 1-hour lectures and the equivalent of 3 hours of practical and/or field work per week

See also Unit timetable information

Zoology

This unit introduces students to environmental management issues in Southeast Asia, with a necessary emphasis on the philosophies, procedures, processes and examples from Malaysia. Students will gain an understanding of the need for effective environmental management, and how local ethics and legislation drive this process. The unit covers fundamental environmental management concepts such as environmental impact assessment, auditing, and monitoring, as well as environmental standards, and valuation methodologies. This theoretical content will then be elaborated and enhanced by introducing students to key environmental issues in tropical Southeast Asia, which will be supported by examples and detailed case studies. Students will engage in interactive tutorial activities that are designed to expand on the content delivered in the lectures. The practical component of the unit comprises a group project, based on a field trip to a local site that is relevant to the key environmental issues introduced in the unit.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Apply knowledge and skills gained in this unit towards effective environmental management and sustainable resource management;
2. Apply knowledge and understanding of the philosophical, ethical and legal need for effective environmental management;
3. Undertake sampling and survey activities to identify potential environmental impacts and minimise them;
4. Collect, collate, manage and analyse environmental data;
5. Report the results of environmental analyses in a variety of relevant media;
6. Contribute to the environmental decision making process in Southeast Asia;
7. Work collaboratively and effectively in teams in tropical environments.

Two written assignments (15% each):30%

Major project report and presentation: 25%

Examination (2 hours): 45%

• Two hours of lectures
• One 1-hour tutorial per week
• One full-day field trip

See also Unit timetable information

Tropical environmental biology

This unit examines the biology of tropical aquatic ecosystems. It focuses on South East Asia, (the Malaysian region in particular) but will also encompass aquatic environments in other parts of the tropics. The ecology and diversity of communities in coral reefs, oceans, sandy and rocky shores, estuaries, lakes, rivers and swamps is examined. The students will gain an understanding of the physical and chemical factors that affect these environments. Conservation and management issues such as the impacts of tourism, pollution, fisheries, wetland drainage and river regulation are studied.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate knowledge of the diversity and ecology of freshwater and marine environments in the tropics with particular reference to the Malaysian region;
2. Demonstrate understanding of the conservation and management issues relating to aquatic ecosystems;
3. Design and analyse sampling programs to examine the flora and fauna of aquatic habitats and to assess changes;
4. Demonstrate the ability to identify aquatic animals and plants from tropical Malaysian ecosystems;
5. Demonstrate advanced scientific report writing skills;
6. Make effective oral and visual presentations;
7. Work collaboratively and effectively in the field in tropical environments.

Mini-review: 10%

Field trip assessment/report: 40%

Examination (2 hours): 50%

• Two 1-hour lectures
• One 3-hour practical session or equivalent (field trips) per week

See also Unit timetable information

Tropical environmental biology

This unit covers all major aspects of tropical ecology, explaining why the world's tropics are so rich and diverse in species, what factors contribute to this richness and how the interactions between plants and animals result in such complex relationships. We discuss biodiversity in the tropics, the variety of tropical ecosystems such as rainforests, savannas, dry forests, montane tropics and peat swamps. The importance of climate, nutrient cycling, disturbance, and forest dynamics on the ecology of tropical plants and animals is a major theme. Conservation and management issues such as conflicting land-use requirements, logging and fire are also investigated in the unit.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Describe the diversity, structure and function of a range of tropical ecosystems;
2. Explain conservation and management issues affecting tropical ecosystems;
3. Integrate and discuss the importance of climate, nutrient cycling, disturbance and forest dynamics on the ecology of tropical plants and animals;
4. Design, analyse and undertake sampling programs to examine the flora and fauna of tropical habitats;
5. Demonstrate advanced scientific report writing skills;
6. Make effective oral and visual presentations;
7. Work collaboratively and effectively in teams.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Essay: 20%

Mid-semester exam: 20%

Field trip project: 30%

Examination (2 hours): 30%

• Two 1-hour lectures
• One 1-hour tutorial per week (or equivalent)
• One 5-day field trip, excluding travel days

See also Unit timetable information

Ecology and conservation biology

Plant sciences

Tropical environmental biology

Zoology

An individual research project in a discipline relating to a major area of study, conducted under supervision. Includes critical literature review, experimental design and data analysis. Student must maintain regular contact with supervisor(s) and subject coordinator.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Comprehend the fundamental process and requirements of scientific research;
2. Review and critically evaluate the scientific literature within a relevant discipline;
3. Demonstrate skills in experimental design, data collection and statistical analysis;
4. Interpret experimental results, and place the results in the broader context of the research discipline;
5. Communicate scientific findings and their implications, via presentations and written reports.

Oral presentation: 10%

Poster presentation: 15%

Written reports: 65%

Supervisor's assessment of project planning, conduct and development: 10%

• Approximately 12 hours per week

See also Unit timetable information

Ecology and conservation biology

Plant sciences

Zoology

Students undertake a major research project. Under the supervision of an academic in the School of Biological Sciences, students immerse themselves in the literature surrounding their chosen field of research, design novel research projects that will lead to new understanding in the field, and then set about testing these questions. Students will experience working in a lab group environment, working side-by-side with PhD students and professional researchers. Students present the results of their research projects via an oral presentation and written thesis.

Candidates may commence the honours year at the beginning of either First or Second Semester (July). Further information is available from the course coordinators and at a meeting held with prospective students during Second Semester of third year.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Gather, analyse and critically evaluate data and information from scientific research;
2. Demonstrate skills in experimental design and in specialised techniques for laboratory and/or fieldwork in biological sciences;
3. Demonstrate skills in writing reports of scientific experiments and in searching the scientific literature;
4. Communicate scientific information effectively and professionally using a variety of modes;
5. Statistically analyse and present biological data;
6. Demonstrate the ability to work effectively and responsibly using the scientific method.

Written literature review: 7%

Research project with written report on the results: 66%

Seminar based on research project 7%

Supervisor's assessment of project planning, conduct and development: 20%

This unit requires the equivalent of 36 hours per week of work, over the two main semesters. The students will largely undertake work associated with this unit independently, under supervision Scheduled activities will include a combination of literature searching and reading, lab and / or field work, data analysis and interpretation, and preparation of written and oral reports.

See also Unit timetable information

Ecology and conservation biology

Genetics

Plant sciences

Zoology

Students will undertake a supervised research project. Students will carry out a research project and present the results of their study in both written and oral form. Information about research projects will be available from the course coordinator towards the end of the preceding semester.

On completion of this unit students will have demonstrated a high level of understanding of the theoretical and practical aspects in the research area of tropical environmental biology, and will be able to:

1. Critically review the scientific literature in the discipline;
2. Understand, discuss and actively participate in the design, development and implementation of a research project;
3. Demonstrate skills in experimental design and in specialised techniques for laboratory and/or fieldwork in tropical biology;
4. Synthesise and present in a format suitable for the discipline, experimental results and statistical data analysis associated with the research project;
5. Present the scientific research findings orally to an appropriate expert audience;
6. Integrate the research findings from the project into the larger context of research in that particular field, primarily through completion of the required thesis;
7. Demonstrate the capability to learn new technical skills in the laboratory and/or the field and use these proficiently and safely.

Oral presentation: 7%

Thesis: 93%

Students are required to present and attend Honours proposals and final presentations. Students must attend a two-day Honours induction program during orientation week.

See also Unit timetable information

Tropical environmental biology

Students undertake advanced coursework in their chosen area of Biology (including Genetics) to develop skills in research design, data analysis and presentation, and critical analysis. Students also develop professional skills that are relevant within and outside of academia. Coursework comprises workshops, seminars and research colloquia which is supported through independent learning activities and mentoring from research supervisors. Candidates may commence the honours year at the beginning of either first or Second Semester (July). Further information is available from the course coordinator and at a meeting held with prospective students during second semester (July) of level 3.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Design experiments, and identify common flaws in experimental design that arise in biological research.
2. Analyse and display data in a manner that is appropriate for specialist scientific talks and publications.
3. Critically evaluate the scientific content of peer-reviewed manuscripts to demonstrate skills in critical analysis of research.
4. Summarise, in writing, the content of scientific seminars, articulating the general scope of research addressed, the methodology, and the larger implications of the research.
5. Reflect upon the development of professional skills gained through the unit.

Experimental data analysis and presentation project: 35%

Participation in journal discussion meetings and written critique of a primary research paper: 35%

Seminar series project: 20%

A short written report based on the professional skills module: 10%

This unit requires the equivalent of 12 hours per week of work.

The students will largely undertake work associated with this unit independently. This work will be supplemented by scheduled activities that will include a combination of face-to-face classes, purpose developed online modules, research colloquia, seminars and meeting the students honours supervisors.

See also Unit timetable information

Ecology and conservation biology

Genetics

Plant sciences

Zoology

This unit provides advanced instruction in quantitative methods, thesis writing and current topics to students enrolled in the honours program in biology. Students will gain an understanding of advanced experimental design, data analysis and scientific writing that will assist them in completing their honours thesis. Further classes and coursework relating to current topics in biology will assist students in critical analysis of journal articles, providing further support for their academic development in research science.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate an understanding of experimental design and sampling methods that are relevant to their research project;
2. Demonstrate an understanding of the impacts of resource limitation on experimental design and implementation;
3. Critically analyse articles from the scientific literature and use this ability to enhance the quality of their own written work;
4. Express themselves clearly and effectively to a scientific audience;
5. Write and manage assessment tasks expeditiously and competently.

Essay: 50%

Statistics coursework: 30%

Examination: 20%

• One to three hours of lectures and/or tutorials per week over 12 weeks

See also Unit timetable information

Tropical environmental biology

Students will undertake a supervised research project of a publishable standard. Candidates may commence the Honours year at the beginning of either the first or second semester. Students will research literature relevant to their topic, carry out a research project and present the results of their study in both written and oral form. Information about the research projects is available from the course coordinator and at information sessions held during the second semester of third year.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Critically review the scientific literature that underpins the area of the research project;
2. Undertake a supervised research project and contribute to project design and management;
3. Apply appropriate laboratory techniques, research methodologies and data analysis methods to collect, interpret and report research findings;
4. Effectively present research and findings orally showing a firm grasp of the area;
5. Analyse research undertaken in the context of the discipline area and report findings in an extended written report.

Assessment will be the submission of a research thesis and thesis review and the presentation of a seminar(s) about the research project and findings.

To be advised by Honours coordinator

See also Unit timetable information

Anatomy and developmental biology

Biochemistry

Human pathology

Immunology

Microbiology

Pharmacology

Physiology

Students will undertake a supervised research project of a publishable standard. Candidates may commence the Honours year at the beginning of either the first or second semester. Students will research literature relevant to their topic, carry out a research project and present the results of their study in both written and oral form. Information about the research projects is available from the course coordinator and at information sessions held during the second semester of third year.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Critically review the scientific literature that underpins the area of the research project;
2. Undertake a supervised research project and contribute to project design and management;
3. Apply appropriate laboratory techniques, research methodologies and data analysis methods to collect, interpret and report research findings;
4. Effectively present research and findings orally showing a firm grasp of the area;
5. Analyse research undertaken in the context of the discipline area and report findings in an extended written report.

Assessment will be the submission of a research thesis and thesis review and the presentation of a seminar(s) about the research project and findings.

To be advised by Honours coordinator

See also Unit timetable information

Anatomy and developmental biology

Biochemistry

Immunology

Human pathology

Microbiology

Pharmacology

Physiology

Students will undertake a supervised research project of a publishable standard. Candidates may commence the Honours year at the beginning of either the first or second semester. Students will research literature relevant to their topic, carry out a research project and present the results of their study in both written and oral form. Information about the research projects is available from the course coordinator and at information sessions held during the second semester of third year.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Critically review the scientific literature that underpins the area of the research project;
2. Undertake a supervised research project and contribute to project design and management;
3. Apply appropriate laboratory techniques, research methodologies and data analysis methods to collect, interpret and report research findings;
4. Effectively present research and findings orally showing a firm grasp of the area;
5. Analyse research undertaken in the context of the discipline area and report findings in an extended written report.

Assessment will be the submission of a research thesis and thesis review and the presentation of a seminar(s) about the research project and findings.

To be advised by Honours coordinator

See also Unit timetable information

Anatomy and developmental biology

Biochemistry

Human pathology

Immunology

Microbiology

Pharmacology

Physiology

BMH4200 year aims to develop analytic abilities and critical thinking skills as well as provide students with advanced knowledge in specific areas of Biomedical Science. Students will choose to undertake one of the five modules within BMH4200 that relates to the discipline area of their research project. Each module within the unit BMH4200 will include common coursework activities and a common assessment regime. Students will attend a lecture/seminar series and will undertake technical training on data analysis and interpretation relating to the discipline area. Students will critique a journal article, which is distinct from their research topic in BMH4100, in written or oral format.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Critically review scientific literature in the discipline area of research;
2. Apply knowledge of current methodologies and concepts to appraise scientific literature in the discipline area;
3. Apply analytical and data analysis techniques relevant to the discipline area of research;
4. Effectively communicate concepts in the discipline area of research both in writing and orally.

Advanced discipline theory work: 40%

Advanced technical training: 60%

To be advised by Honours coordinator

See also Unit timetable information

Anatomy and developmental biology

Biochemistry

Human pathology

Immunology

Microbiology

Pharmacology

Physiology

BMH4210 year aims to develop analytic abilities and critical thinking skills as well as provide students with advanced knowledge in specific areas of Biomedical Science. Students will choose to undertake one of the five modules within BMH4210 that relates to the discipline area of their research project. Each module within the unit BMH4210 will include common coursework activities and a common assessment regime. Students will attend a lecture/seminar series and will undertake technical training on data analysis and interpretation relating to the discipline area. Students will critique a journal article, which is distinct from their research topic in BMH4110, in written or oral format.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Critically review scientific literature in the discipline area of research;
2. Apply knowledge of current methodologies and concepts to appraise scientific literature in the discipline area;
3. Apply analytical and data analysis techniques relevant to the discipline area of research;
4. Effectively communicate concepts in the discipline area of research both in writing and orally.

Advanced discipline theory work: 40%

Advanced technical training: 60%

To be advised by Honours coordinator

See also Unit timetable information

Anatomy and Developmental biology

Biochemistry

Human pathology

Immunology

Microbiology

Pharmacology

Physiology

BMH4220 year aims to develop analytic abilities and critical thinking skills as well as provide students with advanced knowledge in specific areas of Biomedical Science. Students will choose to undertake one of the five modules within BMH4220 that relates to the discipline area of their research project. Each module within the unit BMH4220 will include common coursework activities and a common assessment regime. Students will attend a lecture/seminar series and will undertake technical training on data analysis and interpretation relating to the discipline area. Students will critique a journal article, which is distinct from their research topic in BMH4120, in written or oral format.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Critically review scientific literature in the discipline area of research;
2. Apply knowledge of current methodologies and concepts to appraise scientific literature in the discipline area;
3. Apply analytical and data analysis techniques relevant to the discipline area of research;
4. Effectively communicate concepts in the discipline area of research both in writing and orally.

Advanced discipline theory work: 40%

Advanced technical training: 60%

To be advised by Honours coordinator

See also Unit timetable information

Anatomy and developmental biology

Biochemistry

Human pathology

Immunology

Microbiology

Pharmacology

Physiology

This unit will cover classical and modern biotechnology, including recent developments in molecular biology and its applications in such diverse areas as agriculture, forestry, food, medicine and marine sciences. This includes an introduction to bio-prospecting and pharmaceuticals; genomics, proteomics and bioinformatics; environmental and industrial biotechnology and the current issues and concerns surrounding biotechnology. Related topics such as human genome project, risk assessment, biosafety and genetically modified organisms and crops, cloning, patents, ethics intellectual property rights and the regulatory framework for biotechnology in various countries will be discussed.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate knowledge of the fundamental techniques and the basic principles of molecular biology and recombinant DNA technology that are required for biotechnology;
2. Demonstrate an understanding of the applications and impact of biotechnology in the areas of agriculture, medicine, and industry;
3. Assess and manage occupational health and safety issues related to biotechnology activities in the laboratory and in environmental and industrial settings;
4. Demonstrate an understanding of the basic concepts of biotechnology business, intellectual property rights, and the regulatory framework governing the biotechnology industry;
5. Apply knowledge of the fundamental ethical and regulatory issues surrounding the biotechnology field;
6. Communicate biotechnology findings effectively in the form of oral and written scientific reports.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (2 hours): 50%

Quizzes: 15%

Tutorial activities: 15%

Web pages: 20%

Three 1-hour lectures and two 1-hour online tutorials per week

See also Unit timetable information

In order to carry out any DNA manipulation a large variety of enzymes and specialised techniques are used. This unit will provide the opportunity to gain an understanding of the nature and use of the "tools of the trade" applied routinely by molecular biologists. This includes the management of biological databases. A wide variety of applications will be explored, ranging from human disease situations to genetic modification of crop species.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Discuss basic principles of recombinant DNA technology;
2. Select and apply practical techniques to achieve a range of experimental outcomes in molecular biology;
3. Give examples of the applications of recombinant DNA technology in medical and industrial settings;
4. Describe the use of biological databases for data storage;
5. Demonstrate skill in data mining;
6. Present, analyse and interpret experimental data.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (2 Hours): 60%

Project: 20%

Tutorial exercises: 20%

Three hours of lectures and two hours of practical/tutorial per week

See also Unit timetable information

Applied microbiology

Biotechnology

The unit begins with an introduction to the cellular environment, considering the interactions that stabilise biological macromolecules and the maintenance of constant pH within cells and organisms. Next, we will study the structure and function of proteins and the techniques for their isolation and purification. The composition of biological membranes and the structure of nucleic acids and their packaging within cells is considered. This is followed by a study of the mechanisms of synthesis, modification and degradation of nucleic acids and proteins. The mechanisms that control these processes are emphasised.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Discuss the buffering mechanisms that operate in biological systems;
2. Recognise the role of non-covalent interactions in the maintenance of tertiary and quaternary conformation of biological macromolecules;
3. Explain the connection between protein structure and function;
4. Discuss strategies for the isolation and purification of proteins from biological samples;
5. Discuss the principles of storage and transmission of genetic information and describe control mechanisms which operate at the level of gene expression;
6. Use spectrophotometric methods to assay biological molecules in solution;
7. Analyse and interpret laboratory data and present in an appropriate format.

Assignment work: 20%

Practical work: 30%

Examination (2 hours): 50%

Three 1-hour lectures per week, 36 hours of laboratory per semester.

See also Unit timetable information

Biotechnology

The unit begins with a general overview of metabolism and bioenergetics. This is followed by a comprehensive survey of cellular metabolism including the generation of energy from major dietary components: carbohydrate, protein and lipid; the biosynthesis of carbohydrates, lipids and nucleotides; and amino acid metabolism. A study of photosynthesis illustrates the linkage between electron transport systems and biosynthesis. The integration and control of cellular biochemistry and the role of hormones in metabolic regulation is emphasised.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Explain the mechanisms involved in the storage and processing of metabolic fuels;
2. Discuss mechanisms for control of metabolic reaction sequences;
3. Describe the specialised metabolic role of various tissues;
4. Explain how metabolic processes are integrated and regulated;
5. Demonstrate advanced laboratory skills;
6. Collect, interpret and present experimental data in an accessible and appropriate format.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Assignment work: 20%

Practical work: 30%

Examination (2 hours): 50%

Three hours of lectures per week and 36 hours laboratory classes per semester

See also Unit timetable information

This unit introduces traditional and modern practices involved in crop production. It includes environmental, genetic, physiological and cultural factors influencing crop growth and yield, and emphasises the growth, development and yield of several important tropical crop species and their management for sustainable production. Practical sessions are designed to enhance students' understanding of plant growth, post-harvest requirements, as well as soil and environmental factors affecting plant growth.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate the ability to identify plant species of agricultural importance;
2. Demonstrate good understanding of the principles involved in crop production and methods for crop improvement;
3. Apply specialised knowledge on important factors affecting crop growth and yield to achieve sustainable production of important tropical crops;
4. Analyse, interpret and present scientific data effectively.

Project reports: 30%

Laboratory reports: 10%

Examination (2 hours): 60%

• Three hours of lectures per week
• Three hours laboratory practical per week for eight weeks

See also Unit timetable information

The overall theme of this unit is to introduce students to microorganisms. They will discover the diversity of microorganisms from viruses to bacteria to eukaryotes. They will learn their ecological role, their importance to the medical and food industry and how to identify, cultivate and control them. They will also gain an understanding of how microorganisms evolve and gain antibiotic resistance. The practical classes will introduce basic concepts such as aseptic techniques, staining and microscopy, isolation and enumeration of bacteria as well as control of microorganisms. Furthermore, students will be given the opportunity to explore the tropical environment and sample the air, water and soil samples as well as local food outlets. Thus they will develop a better understanding of the diversity of the microbial world. This unit will be the foundation to other third-year level microbiology units such as food, environmental and medical microbiology.

On completion of this unit, students will be able to:

1. Explain and describe the cell structure and function of viruses, prokaryotes and eukaryotes and how they differ from one another.
2. Cite examples and describe the role of microorganisms in the fields of medicine, food science and in the environment.
3. Explain how infections can spread and antibiotic resistance can be acquired, and be able to cite examples of important regional pathogens.
4. List and describe requirements for growth and replication of these microorganisms as well as methods for controlling bacterial and viral growth.
5. Perform aseptic techniques and be able to isolate and identify microorganisms using light/phase microscopy and a variety of media and staining procedures.
6. Collect, interpret, and present microbiological data via written practical reports.

Practical reports: 20%

Practical quizzes: 5%

Lab demonstrator's assessment: 5%

Mid-semester test: 10%

Examination (2 hours): 60%

Three 1-hour lectures and one 3-hour practical class per week

See also Unit timetable information

Applied microbiology

Biotechnology

BTH3722 focuses on infectious diseases of the organ systems, summarising the aetiology, pathogenesis and laboratory identification of important pathogens. The epidemiology of infectious disease and strategies for disease control are highlighted. The mode of action of antimicrobial drugs, their role in treating infectious disease and the problems of drug resistance are discussed. Techniques for laboratory diagnosis of infectious disease, and safe handling of pathogens, are emphasised.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Explain how microbes cause disease, with particular emphasis on bacterial and viral pathogenicity;
2. Discuss the epidemiology of infectious disease;
3. Discuss the role of chemotherapy and the importance of drug resistance in the treatment of infectious disease;
4. Describe the role of microorganisms in selected infectious diseases associated with the different organ systems;
5. Discuss relevant diagnostic techniques used in clinical microbiology laboratories;
6. Describe and perform techniques used in diagnostic serology;
7. Demonstrate competence in laboratory procedures for handling and processing microbiological specimens.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (2 hours): 60%

Mid-semester test: 10%

Laboratory work (comprising performance: 10%, one full report: 5%, diagnostic lab worksheets and discussion: 7.5%, and project worksheets and discussion: 7.5%): 30%

Three hours of lectures and an average of three hours of laboratory classes per week

See also Unit timetable information

Applied microbiology

Biotechnology

This unit begins by examining the fundamental principles of microbial ecology and the basic methods used in this area. It then considers the role of microorganisms in biogeochemical nutrient cycles. Some important natural habitats for microorganisms such as air, fresh water and salt water are considered with the main discussion centred on soil. The roles of particular soil microorganisms within their microenvironments are explained with special attention being given to microorganisms involved in transformations of carbon and nitrogen. The role of microorganisms in composting, the management of pollution and as agents of bioremediation is discussed.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Discuss principles of microbial ecology, recognising the role of microorganisms as a mixed flora;
2. Diagram the role of microorganisms in biogeochemical nutrient cycles;
3. Discuss the role of different microorganisms in air, water environments, and soils, predicting the effects of changes in environmental parameters;
4. Describe how microorganisms can cause pollution and the use of microorganisms as indicators of pollution;
5. Discuss the role of microorganisms in sewage treatment and composting;
6. Explain how microorganisms can be exploited in bioremediation;
7. Demonstrate the use of molecular and traditional methods for detection and identification of microorganisms.

Examination (2 hours): 60%

Laboratory reports: 30%

Assignment: 10%

Three hours lecture and three hours laboratory per week

See also Unit timetable information

Applied microbiology

Tropical environmental biology

The unit examines the pathways by which cells receive external information and process this into specific biochemical responses. We begin with a survey of different mechanisms of cellular signalling and their roles in 'normal' cellular activities and overall homeostasis. A diverse set of cellular processes is studied and the normal control mechanisms highlighted. This is followed by investigation of the dysfunction of signalling mechanisms in several disease states. Topics covered are: the cell cycle, apoptosis, haematopoiesis, atherosclerosis and HIV/AIDS. The aim is to demonstrate to students that dysfunction or inappropriate cellular signalling plays a key role in the pathogenesis of many common disease. Methods of clinical diagnosis are introduced and incorporated into the laboratory work, which is designed to illustrate concepts of the theory.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Describe a range of cellular signalling mechanisms;
2. Explain endocrine control of cellular processes;
3. Discuss the dysfunction of cell signalling mechanisms in several common disease states;
4. Discuss the role of biochemical and spectroscopic techniques in the diagnosis of disease;
5. Plan and execute complex biochemical laboratory procedures and interpret data acquired;
6. Demonstrate basic competence in the safe handling of hazardous biological materials.

Examination (2 hours): 50%

Major assignment (5000 words): 20%

Practical work: 30%

Three hours of lectures per week and 40 hours laboratory work per semester

See also Unit timetable information

This unit focuses on recombinant DNA methodology and genomics, which underpin commercial developments in the rapidly expanding biotechnology industry. Advanced techniques for gene manipulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, methods for genome mapping and sequencing, and techniques for investigating gene and protein function, including mutagenesis, RNA interference and expression profiling, will be considered. Industrial and research applications of these technologies, such as genetic manipulation of plants and animals, gene therapy, virus detection and typing, recombinant vaccine production and personalized medicine will be explored.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Discuss the molecular basis of a wide range of techniques for gene manipulation and genomic and proteomic analysis;
2. Apply their knowledge to the pursuit of current scientific problems in industry, medicine, and research;
3. Critically evaluate a variety of approaches to a particular scientific or industrial problem;
4. Demonstrate proficiency in a wide range of techniques for gene manipulation and in the interpretation of data acquired by these techniques;
5. Demonstrate advanced scientific writing skills.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (2 hours): 40%

Two written assignments: 20%

Lab notebook and lab performance: 10%

Report: 30%

3 hours lectures per week and 36 hours practical work per semester.

See also Unit timetable information

Applied microbiology

Biotechnology

This unit introduces the role of plant breeding and its significance in plant biotechnology, plant genomes and organisation, the regulation of gene expression, plant cell and tissue culture methodologies, gene transformation techniques, the application of transgenic technology for crop improvement (including the production of transgenic plants resistant to abiotic and biotic stresses and crops with prolonged shelf life and enhanced nutritional value) and the use of transgenic plants as bioreactors for the production of novel proteins in medicine and industry.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate knowledge of current issues and technologies in plant biotechnology;
2. Demonstrate clear understanding of the techniques involved in plant tissue culture;
3. Design constructs to alter the expression of specific genes;
4. Demonstrate understanding of the various strategies involved in the creation of existing plant transgenic crops;
5. Appreciate the potential role of genetic manipulation to produce novel plant products of potential economic importance;
6. Exhibit skills in analysis, interpretation and presentation of scientific data.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Practical reports (including assignments): 40%

Mid-semester test: 20%

Examination (2 hours): 40%

Three hours of lectures and three hours of practical per week (most weeks)

See also Unit timetable information

Biotechnology

This unit allows students to develop laboratory research skills in the interdisciplinary field of pharmacological chemistry. Students will undertake a laboratory project involving both chemistry and pharmacology and will spend time in both chemistry and pharmacology laboratories.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Design and conduct experiments;
2. Identify, use and critically evaluate research literature;
3. Conduct interdisciplinary projects composed of chemistry and pharmacology;
4. Implement safe working practices with chemicals, radio-isotopes, and biological materials;
5. Make oral presentations and write reports covering both chemistry and pharmacology.

Written reports: 80%

Oral reports: 20%

Six hours of supervised laboratory work and six hours of self-directed study

See also Unit timetable information

Students will undertake a supervised research project. Candidates may commence the honours year at the beginning of either the first or second semester. Students will carry out a research project and present the results of their study in both written and oral form. Information about research projects will be available from the course coordinator towards the end of the preceding semester.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Critically review the scientific literature that underpins the selected area of biotechnology research;
2. Undertake a supervised research project in an area of biotechnology and contribute to project design and management;
3. Apply appropriate laboratory techniques, research methodologies and data analysis methods to collect, interpret and report the findings;
4. Effectively present the research and findings orally showing a firm grasp of the area;
5. Analyse the research in the context of the discipline area and report the findings in an extended written report.

Assessment will include a written thesis and oral defence. Final assessment methods will be advised by the unit coordinator prior to commencement.

Full year

See also Unit timetable information

The unit aims to develop students graduate attributes relevant to a post-graduation career in biotechnology and associated areas. These will be learned in an interdisciplinary biotechnology context of the development of scientific knowledge and its commercialisation. From their previous studies, students will have knowledge of scientific invention and technological innovation. The unit will allow them deeper exploration of an aspect or aspects of this process. Students will also consider what scientific knowledge is and how it is challenged. The unit will require both team and individual work.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Critically review scientific literature in an applied area of biotechnology;
2. Research, analyse and report on the translation of basic research towards a commercial product;
3. Recognise the breadth of analytical and data analysis techniques and their applicability to biotechnology research;
4. Apply analytical and data analysis techniques relevant to the biotechnology industry;
5. Effectively communicate concepts in biotechnology both in writing and orally.

Written report (6000 words): 30%

Written report (2000 words): 10%

Essay (4000 words): 20%

Two oral presentations: 20%

Continuous assessment of group work (supervisor, peer and self-assessed): 20%

Enrolment in an approved Honours or Postgraduate Diploma in the discipline of Biotechnology

See also Unit timetable information

This unit provides advanced instruction in quantitative methods, thesis writing and current topics to students enrolled in the honours program in biotechnology. Students will gain an understanding of advanced experimental design, data analysis and scientific writing that will assist them in completing their honours thesis. Further classes and coursework relating to current topics in biotechnology will assist students in critical analysis of journal articles, providing further support for their academic development in research science.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate an understanding of experimental design and sampling methods that are relevant to their research project;
2. Demonstrate an understanding of the impacts of resource limitation on experimental design and implementation;
3. Critically analyse articles from the scientific literature and use this ability to enhance the quality of their own written work;
4. Express themselves clearly and effectively to a scientific audience;
5. Write and manage assessment tasks expeditiously and competently.

Essay: 50%

Statistics coursework: 30%

Examination: 20%

One to three hours of lectures and/or tutorials per week over 12 weeks

See also Unit timetable information

CHM1011 has been designed such that some previous understanding of chemistry is presumed, but is also underpinned by a support structure for those who are relatively new to the subject. The curriculum focuses on general and physical chemistry principles which in turn complements the synthetic chemistry topics discussed in the subsequent unit, CHM1022. On completion of CHM1011, students will have gained an understanding of atomic structure, how atoms and molecules interact with each other and how this affects their bonding, reactivity, 3D structure and physical properties. A number of important topics such as stoichiometry, intermolecular forces, thermodynamics, kinetics, equilibria, and electrochemistry will be developed in order to prepare students for a deeper exploration of chemistry. The concepts developed within the workshops and tutorials are complemented through a laboratory program where students will have the opportunity to develop analytical techniques and design their own experiments to solve a range of chemical problems.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Discuss the features of atomic structure and the construction of the periodic table of elements;
2. Interpret relationships between electronic structure and bonding;
3. Explore a wide range of molecular structures and investigate aspects of stereochemistry such as isomerism and chirality;
4. Distinguish between ideal gases and real gases;
5. Recognise factors which give rise to polarity and its relationship to intermolecular bonding;
6. Define the first and second laws of thermodynamics and apply enthalpy and entropy;
7. Discuss factors which give rise to chemical kinetics;
8. Apply acid-base chemistry in the understanding of dynamic equilibria;
9. Discuss the basic principles of redox reactions and electrochemistry;
10. Foster the acquisition of practical skills by exploiting an inquiry-based approach to the chemistry laboratory experience;
11. Communicate chemistry, and discuss the social and environmental responsibility of chemists in the global community.

Examination (2 hours): 55% (Hurdle)

Laboratory work: 30% (Hurdle)

Online assessment: 10%

Tutorials: 5%

Hurdle requirement: To pass this unit a student must achieve a minimum score of 50% in the laboratory practical component and a minimum of 30% for the end-of-semester exam.

Supplementary assessment is not available for the lab practical component.

• Two 1-hour workshops
• One hour of directed independent study
• One 1-hour tutorial
• One 3-hour laboratory per week

See also Unit timetable information

Biochemistry

Chemistry

Environmental science

Materials science

Physiology

Within CHM1022, students will explore the behaviour of chemicals in a number of interesting case studies incorporating a range of significant biological and synthetic molecules such as carbohydrates, proteins and polymers and pharmaceutically important drugs. Along the way, students will discuss the formation of inorganic coordination compounds and investigate their role in colour and magnetism, and metals in biological systems. The concepts developed within the workshops and tutorials are complemented through a laboratory program where students will have the opportunity to develop analytical techniques and design their own experiments to solve a range of chemical problems.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate a basic understanding of chemical nomenclature;
2. Describe the classification, bonding, structure, properties and reactions of a wide range of organic compounds according to the functional groups they contain;
3. Describe the nature of biological and synthetic macromolecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, and polymers;
4. Discuss the properties of transition elements;
5. Describe a wide range of coordination compounds and their structures, reactions and applications in both synthetic materials and biological systems;
6. Describe how spectroscopy can be used to investigate molecular structure;
7. Foster practical skills by exploiting an inquiry-based approach to the chemistry laboratory experience;
8. Communicate chemistry, and discuss the social and environmental responsibility of chemists in the global community.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (2 hours): 55% (Hurdle)

Laboratory work: 30% (Hurdle)

Online assessment: 10%

Tutorials: 5%

Hurdle requirement: To pass this unit a student must achieve a minimum score of 50% in the laboratory practical component and a minimum of 30% for the end-of-semester exam.

Supplementary assessment is not available for the lab practical component.

• Two 1-hour workshops
• One hour of directed independent study
• One 1-hour tutorial
• One 3-hour laboratory per week

See also Unit timetable information

Biochemistry

Chemistry

Materials science

Physiology

CHM1051 has been designed for students who have demonstrated a strong aptitude for chemistry during secondary studies, eg. a VCE Chemistry Study Score >=37. On completion of this unit, students will have gained an understanding of atomic structure, how atoms and molecules interact with each other and how this affects their bonding, reactivity, 3D structure and physical properties. A number of important topics such as stoichiometry, intermolecular forces, thermodynamics, kinetics, equilibria, and electrochemistry will be developed in order to prepare students for a deeper exploration of chemistry. The concepts developed within the lectures and workshops are complemented through an extended laboratory program where students will have the opportunity to develop analytical techniques and design their own experiments to solve a range of chemical problems.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Employ quantum mechanics to describe features of atomic structure and the construction of the periodic table of elements;
2. Interpret the relationships between electronic structure and bonding exploring a wide range of molecular structures;
3. Investigate aspects of stereochemistry such as isomerism and chirality;
4. Distinguish differences between ideal gases and real gases;
5. Recognise factors which give rise to polarity and studying how this affects intermolecular bonding;
6. Define the first and second laws of thermodynamics and apply enthalpy and entropy;
7. Discuss factors which give rise to chemical kinetics;
8. Apply acid-base chemistry in the understanding of dynamic equilibria;
9. Discuss the basic principles of redox reactions and electrochemistry;
10. Foster the acquisition of practical skills by exploiting an inquiry-based approach to the chemistry laboratory experience;
11. Formulate hypotheses and design chemical experiments to synthesise and collect unique data using a range of sophisticated apparatus and technologies;
12. Apply recognised methods for interpreting chemical data;
13. Communicate chemistry, and discuss the social and environmental responsibility of chemists in the global community.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (2 hours): 55% (Hurdle)

Laboratory work: 35% (Hurdle)

Online assessment: 10%

Hurdle requirements: To pass this unit a student must achieve a minimum score of 50% in the laboratory practical component and a minimum of 30% for the end-of-semester exam.

Supplementary assessment is not available for the lab practical component.

Two 1-hour workshops, one hour of directed independent study and one 4-hour laboratory class per week

See also Unit timetable information

Applied microbiology

Biochemistry

Biotechnology

Chemistry

Materials science

Medicinal chemistry

Physiology

Tropical environmental biology

CHM1052 has been designed for students who have demonstrated a strong aptitude for chemistry during secondary studies, eg. a VCE Chemistry Study Score >=37. In this unit, students will exploit their understanding of general and physical chemistry discussed in CHM1051 to explore the behaviour of chemicals in a number of interesting case studies incorporating a range of significant biological and synthetic molecules such as carbohydrates, proteins and polymers and pharmaceutically important drugs. Along the way, students will discuss the formation of inorganic coordination compounds and investigate their role in colour and magnetism, and metals in biological systems. The concepts developed within the lectures are complemented through an extended laboratory program where students will have the opportunity to develop analytical techniques and design their own experiments to solve a range of chemical problems.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate a basic understanding of chemical nomenclature;
2. Describe the classification, bonding, structure, properties and reactions of a wide range of organic compounds according to the functional groups they contain;
3. Describe the nature of biological and synthetic macromolecules such as proteins, carbohydrates and polymers;
4. Discuss the properties of transition elements;
5. Describe a wide range of coordination compounds and their structures, reactions and applications in both synthetic materials and biological systems;
6. Foster the acquisition of practical skills by exploiting an inquiry-based approach to the chemistry laboratory experience;
7. Formulate hypotheses and design chemical experiments to synthesise and collect unique data using a range of sophisticated apparatus and technologies;
8. Apply recognised methods for interpreting chemical data;
9. Communicate chemistry, and discuss the social and environmental responsibility of chemists in the global community.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (2 hours): 55% (Hurdle)

Laboratory work: 35% (Hurdle)

Online assessment: 10%

Hurdle requirements: To pass this unit a student must achieve a minimum score of 50% in the laboratory practical component and a minimum of 30% for the end-of-semester exam.

Supplementary assessment is not available for the lab practical component.

Two 1-hour workshops, one hour of directed independent study and one 4-hour laboratory class per week

See also Unit timetable information

Applied microbiology

Biochemistry

Biotechnology

Chemistry

Materials science

Medicinal chemistry

Physiology

Tropical environmental biology

Basic principles and key aspects of molecular design, synthesis, structure and reactivity of carbon based molecules, organo-transition metal chemistry and metal complexes with examples taken from important biological, industrial and environmental processes. It will cover aspects of reactive intermediates; carbocations; molecular rearrangements; nucleophilic substitution; elimination reactions; free radicals; aromatic and heterocyclic chemistry; pericyclic reactions; carbonyl compounds; key principles of coordination chemistry including geometry, properties, bonding and stability in transition metal complexes; metal coordination environments in nature; principles of organometallic chemistry and catalysis.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Appreciate the tools used by chemists to design, prepare and study novel carbon based molecules and metal complexes;
2. Apply the general principles of transition metal chemistry to industrial and environmental processes;
3. Formulate the syntheses of a number of compounds using organic or inorganic chemistry processes;
4. Appreciate and utilise a number of organic and inorganic reactions, including processes involving metal ions;
5. Use common synthetic procedures and modern analytical and spectroscopic methods for the synthesis and analysis of chemical compounds;
6. Demonstrate safe laboratory practices and apply OHSE principles;
7. Communicate their chemistry in oral and written form and analyse how the material taught links to the social and environmental responsibility of chemists in the global community.

Examination (2 hours): 50% (Hurdle)

Practical work: 30% (Hurdle)

Online assessment: 10%

Tutorials: 10%

Hurdle requirement: To pass this unit you must achieve a minimum score of 50% in the laboratory practical component and a minimum of 30% for the end-of-semester exam.

Supplementary assessment is not available for the lab practical component.

Two 1-hour workshops, one hour directed independent study, one tutorial and the equivalent of 3 hours laboratory activity per week

See also Unit timetable information

Chemistry

Medicinal chemistry

This unit covers the theory and instrumentation behind common physical and analytical instrumental techniques such as infrared, Raman, UV/Vis absorption and fluorescence and atomic spectroscopies, mass spectrometry, chromatography and electroanalytical chemistry. A knowledge of the physical chemistry of gases and liquids is an important precursor to the understanding of chromatographic and electroanalytical chemistry. The application of these techniques in forensic analysis is examined using examples such as the detection of accelerants at arson scenes, drug detection in sport and identification of micro samples at crime scenes. Practical exercises will provide problem solving in physical and forensic analytical chemistry. A "Moot Court" team exercise and guest lecturers are an integral part of the subject.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Comprehend concepts in instrumental analysis, including accuracy and precision, sensitivity, selectivity, detection limit and dynamic range;
2. Describe the principles and applications of spectroscopic techniques such as infra-red, Raman, UV/Visible absorption and fluorescence, and atomic mass spectrometry;
3. Demonstrate knowledge of electrochemical techniques for chemical analysis;
4. Distinguish the need for, and uses of, separation techniques such as gas and liquid chromatography;
5. Evaluate a range of instrumental methods and how different instruments operate;
6. Compare and contrast a number of case studies illustrating the many and varied uses of chemical instrumentation for solving analytical and forensic problems;
7. Use database searching and retrieval for compound identification;
8. Demonstrate expertise in the manipulation of chemicals, the use of chemical analysis techniques, risk assessment and the use of modern information technologies and data analysis;
9. Work in small groups and be competent in the written and oral presentation of scientific data, including in the context of a Moot-court scenario.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (2 hours): 40% (Hurdle)

Mid semester test (1 hour): 20%

Computer test/Assignments: 10%

Laboratory reports: 30% (Hurdle)

Hurdle requirement: To pass this unit a student must achieve a minimum score of 50% in the laboratory practical component and a minimum of 30% for the end-of-semester exam.

Supplementary assessment is not available for the lab practical component.

• Two 1-hour workshops, one tutorial, one hour directed independent study and the equivalent of 3 hours of laboratory activity per week

See also Unit timetable information

Chemistry

Medicinal chemistry

CHM2942 has been designed for students from chemical and biological backgrounds who have a strong, common interest in the chemistry of living systems. In this unit students will be able to apply their knowledge by examining chemical processes in a biological context: the relationship between stereochemistry and biological activity; transition states of enzyme catalysed reactions; molecular mechanisms underlying glycoside bond formation and breakage; describe the chemical reactivity of organic and inorganic molecules and the reactions occurring at different functional groups; develop a basic understanding of bioconjugate chemistry and its applications; classical and contemporary bioinorganic chemistry of metals; metal coordination chemistry; molecular mechanisms for redox potentials within living systems; metalloproteins and co-enzymes; transport and storage of naturally occurring and toxic metals; role of metals in medicine; applications of modern bio-spectroscopic and bio-imaging techniques; visualisation and monitoring of chemical processes occurring in living tissues; processing bio-imaging and bio-spectroscopic data.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Add to their understanding of the chemical reactivity of organic molecules and the relationship between stereochemistry and biological activity;
2. Understand the concept of a transition state in enzyme-catalyzed reactions and the difference between inverting and retaining mechanisms in carbohydrate processing enzymes;
3. Apply the concept of protective groups in organic chemistry for the synthesis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates;
4. Understand and describe the physical and chemical behaviour of metal ions in aqueous solution, particularly in relation to formation, stability and ligand lability;
5. Understand the role of metals in biology, and the development and application of metal-based therapeutics and diagnostics;
6. Apply an understanding of the use of spectroscopic techniques for determining the structure and function of biomolecules;
7. Understand the different types of bio-imaging techniques and the methods used to process bioimaging data.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (2 hours): 50% (Hurdle)

Mid-semester test (45 mins): 20%

Laboratory work: 30% (Hurdle)

Hurdle requirement: To pass this unit a student must achieve a minimum score of 50% in the laboratory practical component and a minimum of 30% for the end-of-semester exam.

Supplementary assessment is not available for the lab practical component.

• Two 1-hour workshops per week
• One-hour workshop/tutorial every fortnight
• One-hour directed independent study; and
• Four hours of laboratory activity for 10 weeks

See also Unit timetable information

Chemistry

A fundamental understanding of the principles underlying aquatic chemistry and their application in the study of aquatic processes. Includes: equilibria, activity and solubility; acid-base and carbonate equilibria, coordination chemistry and complexation, trace metal speciation, aquatic colloid and surface chemistry, estuarine processes and lake biogeochemistry, physico-chemical features of estuaries, rivers and lakes, light and heat in aquatic systems, major ions in natural waters, redox equilibria, dissolved gases, biogeochemical cycling of nutrients and contaminants, eutrophication. The practical component covers common major analytical techniques and two field excursions.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Explain the physical and chemical characteristics of aquatic systems;
2. Understand the fundamental physico-chemical processes operating in aquatic systems;
3. Discuss, using appropriate local and international examples, current water pollution issues;
4. Demonstrate proficiency in use of a range of water quality monitoring techniques;
5. Access relevant data for comparative purposes using modern information technologies;
6. Prepare, explain and undertake appropriate OHS Risk Assessments associated with laboratory and fieldwork activities;
7. Prepare laboratory and field trip reports, using appropriate statistical analysis, incorporation of relevant lecture material and additional information from reputable sources.

Examination (2 hours): 50% (Hurdle)

Laboratory work: 25% (Hurdle)

Assignments: 15%

Online tests: 10%

Hurdle requirement: To pass this unit a student must achieve a minimum score of 50% in the laboratory practical component and a minimum of 30% for the end-of-semester exam.

Supplementary assessment is not available for the lab practical component.

Two 1-hour workshops, one hour directed independent study and the equivalent of 4-hours laboratory or field trip per week

See also Unit timetable information

Chemistry

A detailed account of the chemistry of food substances will be provided. The components present in larger amounts (carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals and water), and those occurring in smaller quantities (colours, flavours, vitamins, preservatives, trace metals, both natural and synthetic toxins, and additives) will be discussed. Chemicals used in food production (fertilizers, pesticides, insecticides, fungicides, herbicides) and the chemistry of food processing, storage and cooking are also discussed. Methods used in food analysis are considered. The chemistry of the digestion of food and the energy provided by food during consumption are included.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Explore the chemical structure and functionality for the macronutrient categories of carbohydrates, lipids, and protein in food.
2. Identify the important role of micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) and water activity in food.
3. Formulate the links between food types and dietary energy content.
4. Investigate the analytical techniques used for verifying food content and quality.
5. Inspect the chemical changes that occur during the processing, storage and cooking of food.
6. Design experiments through an inquiry-oriented, food chemistry focused laboratory program.
7. Communicate via written and visual presentations the findings from a multistage laboratory program.
8. Debate the benefits and potential drawbacks of genetic modification, organic agriculture, and the use herbicides and pesticides in global food production.

Laboratory-based assessment: 25% (Hurdle)

Science communication assignments: 25%

Online assessment: 25%

Workshop activities: 25%

Hurdle requirement: To pass this unit a student must achieve a minimum score of 50% in the laboratory practical component.

Supplementary assessment is not available for the lab practical component.

• Equivalent to two-hours supported independent study per week
• One one-hour workshop per week
• 36 hours of laboratory work and presentation time per semester

See also Unit timetable information

Chemistry

This course allows students to undertake an introductory research project as part of their second year of study in Chemistry within the BSc Adv (Hons) or BSc (Science Scholar) degrees and students undertaking CHM1051 and CHM1052 with a minimum of a distinction grade for both units. The project will be carried out within the School of Chemistry teaching and research laboratories. Allied with the practical work will be tutorial materials and discussion on formal matters relating to OH&S, database searching, data analysis and presentation and report presentation.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate an ability to locate, synthesize and critically evaluate relevant scientific literature associated with the research project;
2. Prepare, explain and undertake appropriate OHS Risk Assessments associated with laboratory (and if relevant, fieldwork) activities;
3. Demonstrate the ability to work efficiently and safely within a research laboratory environment;
4. Access relevant data for comparative purposes using modern information technologies;
5. Synthesise and present in a format suitable for the discipline, experimental results and data analysis associated with the research project;
6. Present scientific research findings to an appropriate expert audience;
7. Integrate the research findings from the project into the larger context of research in that particular field, primarily through completion of the required report;
8. Demonstrate the capability to learn new technical skills within the research project ambit and use these proficiently and safely.

Laboratory work: 20%

Reflective assessment: 10%

Project report: 60% + Poster/oral presentation: 10%

• Six hours per week of laboratory work plus additional private study time

See also Unit timetable information

Chemistry

The unit describes the structure, properties and synthesis of biomaterials, macromolecules, and 'smart' inorganic materials, which are designed to carry out a range of sensing or active functions. Includes: biopolymers and biomineralisation in plants and animals; mimicry of biological systems; properties of everyday materials such as polypropylene and polyurethane and the link between their properties, structure and synthesis; properties of inorganic and metal-organic solids such as conductivity, magnetism, and porosity; theory and use of X-ray crystallography for determining solid-state structures. Principles of controlled radical polymerisation such as RAFT that is widely used in industry to synthesize polymers of certain molecular weights are introduced. In addition, ionic liquids as 'new generation' liquid materials are introduced. The unit also offers an opportunity to learn about a fast emerging field of alternative resources of energy such as solar cells, advanced batteries and fuel cells.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Understand the link between polymer structure and physical properties;
2. Understand the chemistry of ionic liquids;
3. Demonstrate the connection between properties of conducting, magnetic and porous materials and their inorganic structure;
4. Demonstrate a basic understanding of the theory of X-ray crystallography;
5. Carry out organic and inorganic material synthesis in a laboratory environment;
6. Apply characterisation techniques to both organic and inorganic materials;
7. Demonstrate skills in the use of modern information technologies and data analysis, and in the written and oral presentation of scientific data.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (2 hours): 50% (Hurdle)

Assignments: 10%

Laboratory reports: 40% (Hurdle)

To pass this unit a student must achieve a minimum score of 50% in the laboratory practical component and a minimum of 30% for the end-of-semester exam.

Supplementary assessment is not available for the lab practical component.

Two 1-hour workshops, one hour directed independent study and the equivalent of 3 hours of laboratory activity per week

See also Unit timetable information

Chemistry

Physical chemistry provides insight into the fundamental reason that chemical systems and materials behave the way they do. This unit gives students an advanced understanding of the properties and characteristics of solids, liquids and gases from a fundamental level - utilising computation of individual atoms and bonds - right through to applied systems such as colloids and surfactants, relevant to minerals, food and formulation. The course follows a natural progression from atomic and molecular properties at a single atom or bond level through key thermodynamics to the properties of chemical systems, such as viscosity, phase behaviour and the interactions between solids and liquids. The final section deals with surfaces and colloids - key to understanding important chemical systems in Australian science and industry, due to their ubiquity in minerals processing, food and dairy industries, energy and oil, pharmaceuticals, water and waste processing.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Comprehend the basic concepts of computational chemistry and become proficient in the "hands-on" use of specific computational chemistry software.
2. Develop assessment skills of reliability and accuracy of computational chemistry methods for a chemical problem at hand.
3. Become proficient in the applications of the four laws of thermodynamics.
4. Learn about the connections between kinetics and thermodynamics of chemical reactions.
5. Understand how chemical rate analysis is performed, and analyse the kinetics of advanced chemical processes.
6. Apply key concepts related to the fundamental physical chemistry of solids, liquids and gases.
7. Develop an understanding of phase diagrams and phase behaviour, and how this is related to the interactions between atoms/molecules.
8. Rationalise the key processes that occur at - and differences between - interfaces between solids, liquids and gases.
9. Understand the wetting of solid surfaces, how this controls colloidal systems, and how kinetics of adsorption can be analysed.
10. Explore colloidal systems involving solid particles, liquid droplets and gas bubbles.
11. Rationalise the molecular basis for surfactant behaviour and the uses of surfactant-based systems including liquid crystals.

Examination (2 hours): 40% (Hurdle)

Mid-semester test, assignments and computer testing: 30%

Laboratory work and short laboratory reports and pro forma reports: 30% (Hurdle)

To pass this unit a student must achieve a minimum score of 50% in the laboratory practical component and a minimum of 30% for the end-of-semester exam.

Supplementary assessment is not available for the lab practical component.

Two 1-hour workshops, one hour directed independent study and the equivalent of 3 hours of laboratory activity per week

See also Unit timetable information

Chemistry

A description of the advanced tools and methodologies that are used in the determination of reaction mechanisms will be provided. This is supported by a discussion of the theoretical basis of the design of synthetic pathways for target e.g. bioactive molecules. The knowledge gained will be used to elucidate the reaction mechanisms of common organic reactions and metal-mediated reactions towards identifying scope in organic chemistry. The development of chemical methods that allow realisation of the concept of a sustainable future will also be discussed. Advanced NMR spectroscopy will also be introduced as a useful tool to elucidating structure.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Identify and operate standard chemical laboratory apparatus to undertake and analyse routine organic transformations;
2. Identify and design strategies that exploit conjugate addition reactions;
3. Understand the rationale behind the design of strategies to assemble complex aromatic materials;
4. Identify and describe common pericyclic reactions;
5. Identify and understand routine transition metal catalysed and organocatalytic chemical reactions.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (2 hours): 47% (Hurdle)

Mid-semester test (1 hour): 23%

Laboratory work and short laboratory reports: 30% (Hurdle)

To pass this unit a student must achieve a minimum score of 50% in the laboratory practical component and a minimum of 30% for the end-of-semester exam.

Supplementary assessment is not available for the lab practical component.

Two 1-hour workshops, one hour directed independent study and the equivalent of 3 hours of laboratory activity per week

See also Unit timetable information

Chemistry

Medicinal chemistry

This unit focuses on several major classes of biologically and clinically important therapeutic agents. Students will study the traditional use, isolation, structural characterisation, synthesis and clinical evaluation of drugs and also be exposed to newer crystallographic, computational, combinatorial and screening methodology used in drug design and development. The subject will consist of three interrelated sections: a) drug discovery and development, b) molecular recognition, and c) chemistry and the synthesis of biological polymers. Where appropriate, guest speakers from industry and government agencies will contribute to the subject.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Understand traditional and modern methods used for drug discovery;
2. Understand how molecules interact at the molecular level and how this relates to the activity of drugs;
3. Demonstrate how crystallography and computational methods are used for drug development;
4. Demonstrate a knowledge of reaction mechanisms and how they can aid in understanding the mode of action of a drug;
5. Demonstrate practical skills through the practice of chemical synthesis in a laboratory;
6. Demonstrate the capacity to work in small research groups, to solve problems and communicate science in both written and oral forms.

Examination (2 hours): 40% (Hurdle)

Mid-semester test (40 mins): 20%

Seminar/assignments: 10%

Laboratory work and short laboratory reports: 30% (Hurdle)

To pass this unit a student must achieve a minimum score of 50% in the laboratory practical component and a minimum of 30% for the end-of-semester exam.

Supplementary assessment is not available for the lab practical component.

Two 1-hour workshops, one hour directed independent study and the equivalent of 3 hours of laboratory activity per week

See also Unit timetable information

Chemistry

Medicinal chemistry

A general description of the synthetic methods and characterization techniques that are used to prepare coordination complexes and organometallic compounds will be provided together with the tools and methodologies used in the determination of reaction mechanisms and, in particular, metal centred/mediated reactions. Techniques commonly used to study the structure and properties of inorganic complexes will be introduced through the practical classes and a problem based approach.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Derive the structural chemistry of transition metal complexes using various analytical techniques;
2. Apply knowledge of chemical kinetics and thermodynamics to the stability of transition metal complexes;
3. Describe and undertake the synthesis and characterisation of main group organometallic complexes;
4. Understand and demonstrate the relationship between reactivity, selectivity and structure in main group organometallic complexes;
5. Apply main group organometallic complexes in the asymmetric synthesis of bioactive molecules.

Examination (2 hours): 50% (Hurdle)

One mid-semester examination: 20%

Laboratory work and short laboratory reports and proforma reports: 30% (Hurdle)

To pass this unit a student must achieve a minimum score of 50% in the laboratory practical component and a minimum of 30% for the end-of-semester exam.

Supplementary assessment is not available for the lab practical component.

Two 1-hour workshops, one hour directed independent study and the equivalent of 3 hours of laboratory activity per week

See also Unit timetable information

Chemistry

Advances in analytical science will involve the development and exploitation of advanced mass spectrometric, molecular spectroscopic and separation techniques. This unit concentrates on these approaches, and provides examples of how they can be applied in areas such as forensic and environmental science, genomics and forensic imaging. The remainder of the unit covers the use of spectroscopic, radiometric, separation and particle characterization techniques in automated monitoring and process analysis in a variety of industrial, clinical and environmental applications. Aspects of instrumentation, data processing and chemometrics will be emphasised in each analytical technique discussed.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Operate analytical instruments competently and reliably;
2. Understand the range of operational factors that lead to optimised performance of analytical instruments;
3. Assimilate theoretical principles and practical aspects of analytical chemistry;
4. Understand the range of application areas that analytical chemistry and analytical instrumentation are applied to;
5. Appreciate the processes and limitations of different sampling methods.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Examination (2 hours): 40% (Hurdle)

Mid-semester examination (50 mins): 20%

Assignments and computer testing: 10%

Laboratory work and laboratory reports: 30% (Hurdle)

To pass this unit a student must achieve a minimum score of 50% in the laboratory practical component and a minimum of 30% for the end-of-semester exam.

Supplementary assessment is not available for the lab practical component.

Two 1-hour workshops, one hour directed independent study and the equivalent of 3 hours of laboratory activity per week

See also Unit timetable information

Chemistry

The three major components of the environment, air, soil and water, are considered. Environmental issues related to energy are outlined. Soils: natural, constituents, properties; chemical processes; organic matter; fertility; acidity; salinity; remediation. Water: major components; nutrient pollution including consequences and tracing methods; water treatment including sewage treatment, drinking water treatment and artificial wetlands. Air and energy: importance to society; fossil fuel use; combating atmospheric problems associated with fossil fuel use; alternative fuels, including biofuels; CO2 emissions reduction, carbon capture and sequestration.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate an understanding of the major components and processes in the atmosphere, soils and water;
2. Show awareness of a range of environmental problems;
3. Understand the major options for overcoming environmental problems confronting our planet;
4. Assess environmental problems and design appropriate monitoring programs;
5. Use modern analytical instrumentation;
6. Solve problems in environmental chemistry;
7. Work in small groups and communicate effectively through the written and oral presentation of scientific data.

Examination (2 hours): 50% (Hurdle)

Laboratory work field trips and short laboratory reports and proforma reports: 30% (Hurdle)

Assignments: 20%

To pass this unit a student must achieve a minimum score of 50% in the laboratory practical component and a minimum of 30% for the end-of-semester exam.

Supplementary assessment is not available for the lab practical component.

Two 1-hour workshops, one hour directed independent study and the equivalent of 3 hours of laboratory activity per week

See also Unit timetable information

Chemistry

The development of chemical tools that allow realisation of the concept of a sustainable future - meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs - is the basis for the course of sustainable chemistry. This will be dealt with in three interconnected streams: Introduction to green chemistry, Sustainable technologies and Green energy technologies.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Discuss the historical and modern context of the birth and expansion of 'Green chemistry';
2. Explore the social and environmental responsibility of chemists in the global community;
3. Investigate the principles of green chemistry and green metrics such as atom economy and e-factors to recognise green chemistry criteria in the practice of chemistry;
4. Identify reagents, reaction mechanisms and technologies that should be and realistically could be targeted for replacement by green alternatives;
5. Research examples of successful and recent sustainable chemistry technologies which enable environmental benefits through process changes and product substitution;
6. Debate the significance of energy in the global economy and associated energy related societal controversies;
7. Explore chemical processes involved in new technologies for the transport, storage and conversion of energy;
8. Construct strategies for improving energy efficiency and striving towards sustainability in energy consumption;
9. Practice technical skills for synthesising chemicals, interpreting chemical data, and collecting unique data using a range of sophisticated apparatus and technologies;
10. Develop methods and skills for communicating sustainable chemistry to a broad audience.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Continuous/laboratory assessment: 35% (Hurdle)

Group assessment: 15%

Examination (2 hours): 50% (Hurdle)

Hurdle requirement: To pass this unit a student must achieve a minimum score of 50% in the laboratory practical component and a minimum of 30% for the end-of-semester exam.

Supplementary assessment is not available for the lab practical component.

Two 1-hour workshops per week for 12 weeks and one 4-hour laboratory class every week for 10 weeks and one hour directed independent study

See also Unit timetable information

Chemistry

This unit provides students with the opportunity to carry out a research project overseas as part of their final year of study in chemistry. The project may be carried out within a university or industry research laboratory by arrangement and approval of the Head of School. Allied with the practical work will be online tutorial materials and support on formal matters relating to OH&S, database searching, data analysis and presentation and report presentation.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate knowledge of modern laboratory practices and procedures;
2. Practice an in depth understanding of one or several aspects of modern practical chemistry;
3. Demonstrate safe laboratory practices and apply OHSE principles;
4. Use chemical databases to aid in the design of a project strategy;
5. Analyse data associated with a project and relate this to overall project goals;
6. Present their data and conclusions to the broader chemistry community in both oral and written formats;
7. Analyse how their project links to the social and environmental responsibility of chemists in the global community.
8. Reflect on professional and technical skills development.

Laboratory work: 20%

Reflective assessment: 10%

Project report: 60%

Oral presentation: 10%

Chemistry

This course allows students to devote themselves to a substantial laboratory project as part of their final year of study in Chemistry. The project may be carried out within the School of Chemistry teaching and research laboratories or in an industrial laboratory by arrangement and approval of the Head of School. Allied with the practical work will be tutorial materials and discussion on formal matters relating to OH&S, database searching, data analysis and presentation and report presentation.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Demonstrate knowledge of modern laboratory practices and procedures;
2. Practice an in depth understanding of one or several aspects of modern practical chemistry;
3. Demonstrate safe laboratory practices and apply OHSE principles;
4. Use chemical databases to aid in the design of a project strategy;
5. Analyse data associated with a project and relate this to overall project goals;
6. Present their data and conclusions to the broader chemistry community in both oral and written formats;
7. Analyse how their project links to the social and environmental responsibility of chemists in the global community.

Laboratory work: 20% + Reflective assessment: 10% + Project report: 60% + Oral presentation: 10%

72 hours of laboratory work per semester plus additional private study time

See also Unit timetable information

Chemistry

Students undertake a supervised research project in a specialised area of chemistry. Candidates may commence the honours year at the beginning of either first or second semester. Further information is available from the course coordinator and at a meeting held with prospective students during second semester of third year.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Critically review the scientific literature in their discipline;
2. Understand, discuss and actively participate in the design, development and implementation of a research project;
3. Execute, analyse and evaluate a set of laboratory-based exercises, showing an improved ability to work with minimal supervision and to implement their own ideas;
4. Demonstrate proficiency in computer-based literature searching word processing and other computer programs commonly used in their chosen chemistry discipline;
5. Experience then discuss the breadth and diversity of the chemical sciences, specifically through, but not limited to, attendance at seminars;
6. Demonstrate proficiency in safe work practices for a chemical laboratory, including the use of MSDS and the performance of risk assessments;
7. Synthesise and present in a format suitable for the discipline, experimental results and data analysis associated with the research project;
8. Present orally the scientific research findings to an appropriate expert audience;
9. Integrate the research findings from the project into the larger context of research in that particular field, primarily through completion of the required thesis;
10. Demonstrate the capability to learn new technical skills within the research project ambit and use these proficiently and safely.

Research Project with a written report in thesis form and oral defence and 2 x 15 minute oral presentations on the students research during the Honours year: 100%

Chemistry

Students undertake a supervised research project in a specialised area of chemistry. Candidates may commence the honours year at the beginning of either first or second semester. Further information is available from the course coordinator and at a meeting held with prospective students during second semester of third year.

Research project with a written report in thesis form and oral defence and 2 x 15 minute oral presentations on the students research during the Honours year: 100%

Chemistry

Students undertake a supervised research project in a specialised area of chemistry. Candidates may commence the honours year at the beginning of either first or second semester. Further information is available from the course coordinator and at a meeting held with prospective students during second semester of third year.

Research project with a written report in thesis form and oral defence and 2 x 15 minute oral presentation on the students research during the Honours year: 100%

Chemistry

Students will undertake a supervised research project. Candidates may commence the honours year at the beginning of either the first or second semester. Students will carry out a research project and present the results of their study in both written and oral form. Information about research projects will be available from the course coordinator towards the end of the preceding semester.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Critically review the scientific literature in their discipline;
2. Understand, discuss and actively participate in the design, development and implementation of a research project;
3. Execute, analyse and evaluate a set of laboratory-based exercises, showing an improved ability to work with minimal supervision and to implement their own ideas;
4. Demonstrate proficiency in computer-based literature searching word processing and other computer programs commonly used in their chosen chemistry discipline;
5. Experience then discuss the breadth and diversity of the chemical sciences, specifically through, but not limited to, attendance at seminars;
6. Demonstrate proficiency in safe work practices for a chemical laboratory, including the use of MSDS and the performance of risk assessments;
7. Synthesise and present in a format suitable for the discipline, experimental results and data analysis associated with the research project;
8. Present orally the scientific research findings to an appropriate expert audience;
9. Integrate the research findings from the project into the larger context of research in that particular field, primarily through completion of the required thesis;
10. Demonstrate the capability to learn new technical skills within the research project ambit and use these proficiently and safely.

Thesis: 93%

Final presentation: 7% (Hurdle)

Hurdle requirement: To pass this unit a student must complete the proposal presentation.

30 hours of self-guided and supervised study and research per week

See also Unit timetable information

Medicinal chemistry

All students will undertake a Professional Studies topic and one core topic defined by the School, as well as three elective topics from specialised areas of chemistry, such as pericyclic reactions, separation science, advanced organic synthesis, main group inorganic chemistry, supramolecular chemistry, computational chemistry and electron microscopy. Each topic will require students to attend 8 lecture equivalents making a total of 48 lecture equivalents for the unit. Further information is available from the course coordinator and at a meeting held with prospective students during second semester of third year.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Develop a realistic experimental plan, including a timeline, for the research project undertaken in CHM4100;
2. Appreciate and outline the key principles in Intellectual Property as it relates to the discipline and the CHM4100 research project;
3. Use and critically evaluate the extant OHS software;
4. Efficiently and competently use appropriate bibliographic software (eg. EndNote);
5. Explain the operation of, and where relevant and appropriate, competently use, the equipment discussed in the workshops component of this course;
6. Demonstrate an appropriate high level of understanding of the material presented in the selected lecture modules - this understanding is demonstrated through the relevant assessment tasks.

Combination of examination and/or assignment (depending on the topic): 100%

Please consult the course coordinator about the assessment of individual topics.

Chemistry

All students will undertake a Professional Studies topic and one core topic defined by the School, as well as three elective topics from specialised areas of chemistry, such as pericyclic reactions, separation science, advanced organic synthesis, main group inorganic chemistry, supramolecular chemistry, computational chemistry and electron microscopy. Each topic will require students to attend 8 lecture equivalents making a total of 48 lecture equivalents for the unit. Further information is available from the course coordinator and at a meeting held with prospective students during second semester of third year.

Combination of examination and/or assignment (depending on the topic): 100% + Please consult the course coordinator about the assessment of individual topics.

Chemistry

All students will undertake a Professional Studies topic and one core topic defined by the School, as well as three elective topics from specialised areas of chemistry, such as pericyclic reactions, separation science, advanced organic synthesis, main group inorganic chemistry, supramolecular chemistry, computational chemistry and electron microscopy. Each topic will require students to attend 8 lecture equivalents making a total of 48 lecture equivalents for the unit. Further information is available from the course coordinator and at a meeting held with prospective students during second semester of third year.

Combination of examination and/or assignment (depending on the topic): 100% + Please consult the course coordinator about the assessment of individual topics.

Chemistry

This unit provides advanced instruction in quantitative methods, thesis writing and current topics to students enrolled in the honours program in medicinal chemistry. Students will gain an understanding of advanced experimental design, data analysis and scientific writing that will assist them in completing their honours thesis. Further classes and coursework relating to current topics in medicinal chemistry will assist students in critical analysis of journal articles, providing further support for their academic development in research science.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Develop a realistic experimental plan, including a timeline, for the research project undertaken in CHM4180;
2. Appreciate and outline the key principles in Intellectual Property as it relates to the discipline and the CHM4180 research project;
3. Efficiently and competently use appropriate bibliographic software (eg. EndNote);
4. Explain the operation of, and where relevant and appropriate, competently use, the equipment discussed in the workshops component of this course;
5. Demonstrate an appropriate high level of understanding of the material presented in the selected lecture modules - this understanding is demonstrated through the relevant assessment tasks.

Essay: 50%

Statistics coursework: 30%

Oral presentation: 20%

One to three hours of lectures and/or tutorials per week over 12 weeks

See also Unit timetable information

Medicinal chemistry

Introduces the structure and function of eukaryotic cells including the diversity of cell structure and function. The concept that the many specialized cell types in the adult human body are derived from a single fertilized egg is emphasized, laying the foundations for future studies of stem cells and embryogenesis. The four primary tissues (epithelium, connective tissue, muscle tissue, nervous tissue) are described and students learn how these tissues develop in the growing embryo. Topics covered include early human development, gametogenesis, fertilization, blastocyst formation and implantation, formation of stem cell lineages, germ layers and early derivatives.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Describe the diverse structures of eukaryotic cells;
2. Explain how cells and extracellular matrix are arranged in primary tissues;
3. Outline the key features and stages of early human and animal development;
4. Identify specialised cell types, primary tissues and the cellular processes that produce diverse tissues;
5. Explain the origin of major tissue types and how stem cells contribute to tissue renewal;
6. Outline strategies to experimentally analyse gene and tissue function;
7. Demonstrate an ability to research published scientific literature and effectively communicate their findings either orally or in writing.

Practical reports: 30%

Mid-semester tests: 20%

Examination (2 hours): 50% (Hurdle)

This unit is subject to the Hurdle and Threshold Standards policiesHurdle and Threshold Standards policies (http://www.med.monash.edu.au/policies/assessment-policy-2017.html) of the Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences.

Three lectures and one 2-hour practical class per week

See also Unit timetable information

Developmental biology

Immunology

This unit provides students with basic knowledge of the structure of the human body. It describes how tissues are combined to form organs, and how organs and organ systems are organized to form adult body structure. The microscopic and macroscopic structure of the human body and some major body systems are covered. The general body plan is described and how the body plan is established during embryogenesis is discussed.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Describe the basic anatomical structure of the human body and some of the major body systems;
2. Describe the microscopic structure of the human body and how the primary tissue types combine to form a complete organism;
3. Explain how the general body plan is established in the embryo, and the processes of organogenesis and how major congenital abnormalities arise;
4. Demonstrate practical laboratory skills in anatomy & developmental biology;
5. Collaborate effectively as a pair or in a group to complete academic tasks;
6. Discuss and critically analyse anatomical and developmental biology studies.

NOTE: From 1 July 2019, the duration of all exams is changing to combine reading and writing time. The new exam duration for this unit is 2 hours and 10 minutes.

Practical and laboratory assessments: 25%

Mid-semester tests: 25%

Examination (2 hours): 50% (Hurdle)

This unit is subject to the Hurdle and Threshold Standards policiesHurdle and Threshold Standards policies (http://www.med.monash.edu.au/policies/assessment-policy-2017.html) of the Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences.

A total of 12 hours per week including 6 hours of directed learning (such as lectures, practicals and tutorials) and 6 hours of private study

See also Unit timetable information

Developmental biology

This unit begins with an introduction to the concepts and experimental systems in developmental biology. How gene expression is regulated during development and thereby leads to the development of differentiated cells and tissues is considered. Communication between cells during development is described, as well as the key concepts of induction and competence. Some of the key early developmental processes and experimental strategies for studying developmental biology are covered. Finally, patterning and development of the body plan are described.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Describe the molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate animal development;
2. Outline the strategies used to study mechanisms of development;
3. Compare and contrast different developmental model systems;
4. Demonstrate practical laboratory skills integral to the study of developmental biology including obtaining, documenting and interpreting data;
5. Discuss and critically analyse developmental biology research papers;
6. Collaborate effectively as a pair or in a group to complete academic tasks;
7. Demonstrate effective communication by oral, visual and written means.

Mid-semester MCQ test: 10%

Seminars: 25%

Practical reports: 15%

Examination (2 hours): 50% (Hurdle)

This unit is subject to the Hurdle and Threshold Standards policiesHurdle and Threshold Standards policies (http://www.med.monash.edu.au/policies/assessment-policy-2017.html) of the Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences.

Two 1-hour lectures and a 3 hour practical or equivalent per week.

See also Unit timetable information

Developmental biology

This unit considers the anatomy and development of the major organs and organ systems of the body. The classical morphogenetic steps/stages in organ development are described, as well as the most up to date knowledge of the molecular/genetic and foetal/maternal environmental regulation of these morphogenetic processes. Organ systems covered include musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, central nervous, respiratory, gastrointestinal, renal and reproductive. Students will learn how abnormalities in genetic and/or environmental regulation of development lead to birth defects as well as chronic diseases in adulthood.

On completion of this unit students will be able to:

1. Describe the basic anatomy and development of the major organs and organ systems;
2. Analyse the genetic and environmental regulation of organogenesis in the major organ systems;
3. Explain how errors or perturbations in genetic and/or environmental regulation of development can lead to birth defects and outline how suboptimal development can result in or predispose to adult chronic disease;
4. Relate the relative contributions of endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm in the formation of the tissues and organs of the adult body;
5. Demonstrate familiarity with experimental strategies and techniques used to identify and study organogenesis and the regulation of organogenesis;

6. Demonstrate an ability to interpret, discuss and present studies in anatomy and developmental biology research.