School of Literary, Visual and Cultural Studies


Comparative literature, cultural studies and critical theory

Subjects under this heading are taught by the Centre for Comparative Literature and Cultural Studies or are taught by other departments and made available to students under a centre code. The centre is an interdepartmental and interdisciplinary teaching unit, maintained by the Faculty of Arts, with responsibility for teaching and research in three main areas of work: comparative literature, cultural studies and critical theory.
Comparative literature is the study of literature in ways which go beyond particular national or linguistic boundaries. In practice, comparative literary studies are of two main kinds: substantive studies of the literature of two or more languages or literary cultures; and generalising studies of the literary process itself, for example literary history, the sociology of literature or psychological approaches to literature. Texts studied in the centre at undergraduate level are all taught in English or in English translation, but knowing a language other than English is helpful, and those students with no exposure to one are strongly encouraged to pick up the study of a language.
Cultural studies is the study of cultural texts, spaces and practices, including texts that are not normally included in the canon of high literature (the texts of popular fiction, television or cinema, for example). These aspects of culture are studied in relation to the various social, historical and other contexts within which cultures manifest themselves.
Critical theory is a term which has come to signify a number of contemporary approaches to textual and cultural criticism, for example, hermeneutics, structuralism, semiotics, poststructuralism, theories of ideology, psychoanalytic theory, and so on. Such theories have also been central to, for instance, recent work in anthropology, philosophy, English, performance studies and film studies.
Students enrolled in sequences offered by the centre may combine courses from any of these areas.

Objectives

The Centre for Comparative Literature and Cultural Studies aims to develop in students a cumulative knowledge of three interconnected areas of work: comparative literature, cultural studies and critical theory. All three extend and develop students' appreciation of the nature of texts, culture and society. The distinctiveness of the literary part of the program consists in the way students are encouraged to analyse literature as an international rather than a national phenomenon, and also as one aspect of wider cultural practices and issues. The stress on comparative 'world' literature is unique to Monash (no other Australian university teaches a full major sequence in comparative literature). The connection between literary and cultural studies is also distinctive (many cultural studies programs define themselves against literature). The centre is also particularly strong in the area of critical theory and offers sophisticated and contemporary methodological approaches which are of use to students over a wide range of disciplines.
The completion of a major sequence in this program should enable students to:

Literature and cultural studies

The Faculty of Arts teaches programs in some closely interconnected areas concerned in one way or another with the study of texts and textuality. These include comparative literature, critical theory, cultural studies, drama and theatre studies, English literature and fiction writing.

For details consult the entries under Drama and theatre studies; English; Film and television studies.
In many cases more than one of these programs can be taken together (eg a double major in English and Comparative Literature and Cultural Studies is a possible and useful combination), but the Faculty does limit the overall number of closely related subjects that may be legitimately combined in one degree.

Courses
First-year sequence

A first-year sequence in the centre consists of either (a) CLS1010 (or ENH1111) and CLS1020 (or ENH1122), or (b) CLS1040 and CLS1050.

Minor sequence

A minor sequence consists of either (a) a first-year sequence as described above or an appropriate first-year sequence in English, French or German studies, followed by two second-year level eight-point subjects (ie ones with a CLS code); or (b) two second-year level subjects in the centre followed by third-year level subjects in the centre totalling at least twelve points.

Major sequence

A major sequence consists of (a) a first-year sequence as described above, or an appropriate first-year sequence in English, French or German studies, plus (b) a minimum of two second-year level eight-point subjects in the centre (ie ones with a CLS code), plus (c) third-year level courses in the centre totalling a minimum of twenty-four points.

Honours

Coordinator: Chris Worth
An honours course in the centre can have an emphasis on comparative literature, cultural studies or critical theory. The honours sequence consists of CLS4080 and CLS4000, and further fourth-year level subjects in the centre (ie ones with a CLS code) with a combined value of forty-eight points. Mid-year entry is offered by the centre. Students writing fourth-year theses in comparative literature are normally required to consider literary texts in their original languages.
Departments may grant an extension of time for submission of the honours thesis or for final coursework up to the last day of the examination period of the semester in which the work is due. Applications for extensions beyond this date must be made to the Committee for Undergraduate Studies.

Combined honours

Combined honours may be taken in comparative literature and cultural studies (a title which includes critical theory) and another discipline provided that all honours requirements have been met in both disciplines and subject to the approval of the heads of both departments/centres.

Prizes

The centre awards the Douglas Muecke Prize annually for the best thesis submitted within the centre.

Graduate studies

The centre offers an MA program by research and coursework in cultural studies and critical theory. It offers opportunities for doing research for a PhD (or, exceptionally, an MA by research) in many areas of comparative literature, cultural studies and critical theory. For further information students should consult the Arts graduate handbook for 1999.

Subjects
Comparative literature and cultural studies
First-year level
Second-year level
Third-year level
Fourth-year level

English

Objectives

The Department of English has the following major objectives:

The department does not require students to take a compulsory core subject or subjects. It does encourage students to include in their degree subjects which will provide:

The department attempts at all levels to encourage the practices of close reading and critical textual analysis and of carefully produced professional writing. It is expected that students who have completed a minor in English should have a basic understanding of the way English scholars read and of the ways in which they write about what they read. It is expected that students who have completed a major in English will have a more advanced and conscious understanding of these matters, a wider knowledge of a number of historical periods and issues and a more sophisticated ability to synthesise and coordinate literary, textual and theoretical questions.

Literature, visual and cultural studies

The English Department has close connections with a number of other teaching programs in the Faculty of Arts, all of which are concerned in one way or another with the study of 'texts' and 'textuality'. These are comparative literature, critical theory, cultural studies, drama and theatre studies, English literature and fiction writing and visual culture.

It is possible to take a double major in any two of comparative literature and cultural studies, drama and theatre studies, visual culture and English literature. A major in any one of these may be combined with a minor sequence in any other or with a minor sequence in critical theory.
Combined or double honours may also be taken in any two of comparative literature and cultural studies, drama and theatre studies, visual culture and English literature.

Cinema studies (Caulfield campus)

Two subjects are offered to enable third-year students to continue with their courses. These may of course be supplemented by subjects offered in the Clayton-based Visual Culture department. To complete the major, students must take seven subjects, consisting of compulsory first-year subjects; second-year subjects totalling at least sixteen points, and third-year subjects totalling at least twenty-four points. It is also strongly recommended that students take the visual culture-based subject VSA2190/VSA3190 (Forms of narrative cinema). Students will need to take one VSA subject to complete their majors.
To complete the minor, students must take four subjects, including the two compulsory first-year subjects and any two others.

Second and third year
First semester
Second semester
Fourth year (honours)

The aims of fourth year are to develop further areas of competence outlined above. Students are required to attend a compulsory four-week introduction to disciplinary methodology at the beginning of the honours year and to pass its assessment before proceeding.
The core element in fourth year is a compulsory subject in one of two specified areas of critical theory. Both encourage students to work towards explicit discussion of theory and of the nature of knowledge within the discipline.
The thesis is a training in research methodology and practice and should produce an understanding and a critical awareness of the way in which knowledge is constructed, and spoken and written, within the discipline.
All aspects of the fourth year require the development of spoken and written skills in communication and a critical understanding of the discipline-specific skills involved in the writing of the thesis and the successful completion of core and optional subjects.
Intending fourth-year honours students are encouraged to consult as early as possible with the fourth-year honours coordinator in planning their major sequence.

Courses

The Department of English offers a variety of subjects in the literatures of Britain, Australia, America, and Asia and in a range of related areas.
In first year students are introduced to the study of English through a choice of subject sequences. Each sequence has a different focus - the study of English literature and the study of literary semiotics and comparative literature. Each aims to introduce students to a variety of modes of reading and to a number of ways of speaking and writing about what they read. Each provides an introduction to the historical and contemporary study of literature and to aspects of critical theory.
The majority of English students follow the literature sequence of ENH subjects through both semesters. At Clayton, the 'Text and context' sequence, provided by the Centre for Comparative Literature and Cultural Studies, may also lead into later-year English subjects. Students at Clayton should note that these CLS subjects are recommended as usefully supplementing English literature subjects in the first year and that one of these sequences may be taken alongside the ENH subjects.
Second and third-year subjects in English literature build on this foundation. There are subjects which introduce students to the literature and culture of different historical periods. Related subjects are offered in the following fields: Australian studies, the theory and practice of children's literature, critical theory, feminist theory and women's writing, postcolonial theory and literature, the languages of literature, literary and visual semiotics and performance studies, creative writing and professional writing. Students may select from these areas to develop their major in English.
Students will find the expectations of the department outlined in subject handbooks as they proceed through the degree.
The department provides consultation and advice on choice of subjects at first, second, third and fourth-year levels to ensure that students choose suitable and coherent subject sequences.

Attendance

The department regards attendance at seminars and tutorials as compulsory. Students will be penalised for non-attendance.

Graduate work

At the graduate level the department offers a research MA and a PhD across a wide range of literary, cultural and theoretical studies. Library holdings for research are strong in the following areas: pre-1800 literature and culture including Elizabethan and Jacobean drama and poetry; seventeenth-century literature; eighteenth-century literature, in particular Swift and his milieu; American and Australian literature; nineteenth-century periodical and literary journalism; and bibliography and textual criticism. Staff research interests are diverse and cover all historical periods from Old English to the present, with particular strengths in pre-1800 literature, national literatures (American, Australian), genre studies (particularly drama), biography, women's studies, and bibliographical and textual criticism. For further information students should consult the Arts graduate studies handbook for 1999.

Prizes

The Department of English offers the following prizes: the David Bradley Prize for the top student in first year; the W A G Scott Prize for the top student in second year; a prize for the top student in third year; the Brenda Niall Prize for Australian Literature to be awarded to a second/ third-year student; the Renaissance Literature Prize to be awarded to a second/third-year student; the Henry Handel Richardson Prize for the top student in fourth-year; the Arthur Brown Prize for the best fourth-year thesis and the Cecile Parrish Award (see the Arts graduate handbook for 1999).

Caulfield campus
First year

In first year students may complete the minimum twelve points required to proceed to a minor or major sequence by taking ENH1010 (Reading literature I) and either ENH1220 (Reading literature II: worlds in conflict) or ENH1240 (Effective Writing).

Minor sequence

A minor sequence consists of two first-year subjects (as stipulated above) and two of the second-year level subjects listed below.

Major sequence

A major sequence consists of a minor sequence as outlined above followed by three subjects taken at third-year level.

Second and third-year subjects

In 1999, the following subjects will be offered in the first semester:

The following subjects will be offered in the second semester:

Other second and third-year subjects are offered on the Clayton campus. Students who intend to complete a major sequence in English by taking subjects on the Clayton campus should read the requirements for choice of second and third-year subjects on that campus (below).

Clayton campus
First year
First semester
Second semester

Students may complete their first year in English by taking one of the following sequences of subjects:

In addition, with the permission of the head of department, students who have completed CLS1010/ENH1111 (Text and context I) may proceed in second semester to either ENH1220 (Reading literature II: worlds in conflict) or ENH1230 (Language, style and literature) or ENH1240 (Effective writing).
Students intending to proceed to a minor or major sequence in comparative literature and cultural studies (CLS) or drama and theatre studies (DTS) in addition to English literature (ENH) must complete first-year sequences in both their chosen disciplines.
Up to twelve additional points may be taken at first-year level; the three subject sequences outlined above are complementary. Such additional points may be taken in the later years of the degree, provided that the total number of points gained in first-year level English subjects does not exceed twenty-four and that the total number of points in English at all levels does not exceed ninety-two.

Minor sequence

A minor sequence in English consists of at least one first-year combination of subjects as listed above, followed by two second-year subjects.

Major sequence

A major sequence in English consists of a minor sequence as outlined above followed by twenty-four points of work at third-year level.
It is expected that students intending to major in English should choose subjects which will provide them with:

Majoring students must include among the five subjects which they take in second and third years at least one earlier and one later-period subject (designated a and b in the lists below).

Second and third-year subjects

With the exception of Old and Middle English subjects, any subject may be taken at either second or third-year level. Students intending to take subjects in Old or Middle English are reminded that ENH2020/ENH3020 is the prerequisite or corequisite for both ENH2170/ENH3170 and ENH2190/ENH3190, and that the prerequisite for ENH3390 is ENH2190/ENH3190. Except for ENH3390, no third-year English subject has a specific prerequisite. Students may take only one of ENH2230/ENH3230 and ENH2630/ENH3630.
In all cases assignments will be set and assessed at the appropriate year level.
An information session and consultation with staff will be available before second/third year enrolment to help students make their choice of subjects.

First-semester subjects

The following subjects will be offered in the first semester:
a ENH2020/ENH3020 Heroes, lovers and monsters: the literary culture of medieval England
b ENH2060/ENH3060 Introduction to critical theory
b ENH2100/ENH3100 Postcolonial drama
a ENH2110/ENH3110 Renaissance literature: power and love
a ENH2170/ENH3170 Old English
b ENH2290/ENH3290 Authorship and Publishingb ENH2310/ENH3310 Romantic literature
b ENH2410/ENH3410 Puritans and sinners: the American traditionb ENH2530/ENH3530 Contemporary English literature
b ENH2570/ENH3570 Writing women
a ENH2630/ENH3630 Shakespeare: text and performance (proposed to be offered next in 2000)
b ENH2650/ENH3650 Poetry: text and performance
b ENH2660/ENH3660 Here and there: the literature of travel
b ENH2690/ENH3690 Gender and authority in Australian literature
b ENH2770/ENH3770 Short fiction: classic and contemporary
b ENH2930/ENH3930 National fictionsb ENH2980/ENH3980 Introduction to fiction writing (subject to approval)
b ENH2990/ENH3990 Formative influences: children's fantasy narratives (proposed to be offered next in 2000)
b ENH2991/ENH3991 Children's literature: a comparative study
b ENH3995 Writing in theory and practice: an introduction
a ENH3390 Middle English literature

Second-semester subjects

The following subjects will be offered in the second semester:
b ENH2030/ENH3030 Rewriting Victorian narratives: origins and oblivion (Proposed to be offered next in 2000)
a ENH2050/ENH3050 The reader in history
a ENH2130/ENH3130 Rakes and Revolutionaries : literature and opposition, 1660-1800
b ENH2150/ENH3150 Australian urban fictions
b ENH2160/ENH3160 Freudian fable (proposed to be offered next in 2000)
a ENH2190/ENH3190 Middle English
a ENH2230/ENH3230 Shakespeare: interpretations and transmutations
b ENH2260/ENH3260 Sexing the text
b ENH2270/ENH3270 Modern drama
b ENH2330/ENH3330 Victorian literature
a ENH2340/ENH3340 Literature and the Christian tradition
b ENH2450/ENH3450 Contemporary drama (Proposed to be offered next in 2000)
b ENH2470/ENH3470 Modern English literature: modernism and postmodernism
b ENH2550/ENH3550 Romanticism and revolution (proposed to be offered next in 2000)
b ENH2710/ENH3710 Orientations: reading Asia
b ENH2750/ENH3750 Contemporary women's fiction and theory
b ENH2800/ENH3800 In other worlds: postcolonial literature
b ENH2810/ENH3810 Novel into film
b ENH2981/ENH3981 Advanced fiction writing (subject to approval)
The following subjects introduce students to the literature and culture of different historical periods: ENH2170/ENH3170 (Old English), ENH2020/ENH3020 and ENH2190/ENH3190 (Middle English), ENH2110/ENH3110 (Renaissance), ENH2130/ENH3130 (Eighteenth century), ENH2310/ENH3310 (Romantic), ENH2330/ENH3330 and ENH2030/ENH3030 (Victorian), ENH2470/ENH3470 (Modern and postmodern), ENH2530/ENH3530 (Contemporary).

Related subjects

Any of the subjects in these lists may be taken singly or in other combinations. Some of the above subjects may not be offered in 1999.

Qualifications for fourth year (honours)

Entry to fourth-year honours depends upon completion of a major sequence in English with at least 65% results in subjects to the value of twenty-four points at second and third-year level combined, of which sixteen points must be at third-year level. It is also necessary for students to have fulfilled the requirements of a major sequence.
Intending honours students should choose subjects providing them with:

In particular, intending honours students should consider including either, or both, of ENH2060/ENH3060 (Introduction to critical theory) and ENH2750/ENH3750 Contemporary women's fiction and theory.
To complete a major in English students must include among the five subjects which they take in second and third years at least one earlier and one later-period subject (designated a and b in the lists of second and third-year subjects).
Students intending to include Middle English courses in their honours year, should note that ENH3390 (Middle English literature) is a prerequisite for ENH4800 (Middle English literature).

Honours

In fourth year (honours), students take ENH4600 (Minor thesis) and (in first semester) either ENH4620 (Literary theory) twelve points or ENH4640 (The life of the text: genesis, production, reception) twelve points. They also take two elective subjects: the selection of subjects must be approved by the fourth-year coordinator.
Students will be required to attend a short methodology course.
In special circumstances the department may grant an extension of time for submission of the honours thesis or for final coursework up to the last day of the examination period in which the work is due. Applications for extensions beyond this date must be made to the Committee for Undergraduate Studies.

Elective subjects

The following elective subjects will be offered if there are sufficient enrolments in them, and if staff are available to teach them.

First semester
Second semester
Peninsula campus

From 1999 on, there will be no further enrolments in first-year English studies at Peninsula campus. Four subjects are offered to enable second and third-year students to continue with their courses. These may, of course, be supplemented by subjects offered at Clayton campus.

Major sequence

The structure of the major sequence in English is as follows:

First year
Second and third year

Two second-year subjects and three-third year subjects selected from those listed below, or from subjects offered on the Clayton and Caulfield campus.

First semester
Second semester
Minor sequence

The minor sequence in English consists of the first year (as above) followed by two second-year subjects.

English-in-use: a second language perspective

The English-in-use (EIU) course is designed for students whose first language is other than English. As the course is a study of the functional, theoretical and cultural features of the English language and not a literature-based course, it is a separate subject to English and may not be taken as part of a sequence in English. This allows second language students the option of taking EIU as a separate major or minor sequence and considering English as a possible second major or minor subject within their degree.
The course provides second language students with an opportunity to further their knowledge of the English language through the perspective of the second language speaker. It provides a broad conceptual understanding of the English language, the cognitive and cultural attitudes it engenders and the communicative frameworks it supports.
The course encourages second language students to develop an understanding of their language of instruction by extending their knowledge of the historical, cultural, theoretical and functional features of English that are of specific relevance to them as second language speakers. It includes some of the theoretical issues of English form, function, structure, genre and culture and gives students the opportunity, within a second language perspective, to analyse and evaluate the strengths and the limitations of English as an unique system of communication which functions in a distinct cultural framework to construct meaning.
This course is available to international and non-English-speaking-background students who fulfil the Arts faculty second language entry criteria.

The course

The English-in-use course offers one subject per semester at each year level, except in third year, second semester, when two subjects are required to complete a major sequence. Students interested in taking either a minor or major sequence must complete each subject at the appropriate level. Completion of a first-year sequence plus sixteen points at the second-year level represents a minor sequence in English-in-use. Completion of a further twenty-four points in English-in-use at the third-year level represents a major sequence in English-in-use.

First year
Second year
Third year

Visual culture

The Department of Visual Culture teaches courses in two major areas: the history and theory of art and architecture, and film and television studies. Minor sequences, major sequences and honours studies may be undertaken in either of these broad areas, or a combination of the two. The first-year subject VSA1000 (Introduction to visual culture: back to the future), is designed to provide a foundation for all subsequent studies in the department. Students may choose to complete a first-year sequence by taking VSA1010 (Contemporary visual culture) or VSA1050 (Contemporary popular film), or both, in second semester.
In subsequent years, students may decide to specialise in one or more aspects of visual culture, or to develop a broadly based study of the field. Art history and theory subjects involve historical and critical interpretation of a wide range of major phases of Australian, European and American art, photography and architecture, with special attention to recent and contemporary visual culture. Film and television studies cover Australian, Asian and European national cinemas, contemporary popular Hollywood and its institutions, alternative film and video, documentary and television studies.
Qualified students may enter a fourth, honours year, and undertake postgraduate studies at graduate diploma, MA and PhD level. There is also a specialist MA in Australian art. For details of postgraduate subjects, please refer to the Arts graduate handbook for 1999.
Throughout the course of studies, emphasis will be given to a variety of critical and theoretical methods of analysis appropriate to the study of visual culture, including formal, semiotic and psychoanalytic approaches, consideration of issues to do with the intersection of ideology and culture, the representation of gender, race and class, and questions concerning the relations between visual culture and technology.
Students are encouraged to consider combining their visual culture studies with other relevant and compatible disciplines and subject areas taught in the Faculty of Arts. Examples are performing arts, comparative literature and cultural studies, history, women's studies, and a range of relevant Asian and European languages. Particular attention is drawn to the following subjects:

Subjects offered in visual culture
Pass courses
First-year sequence

A first-year sequence in visual culture consists of twelve points (two visual culture subjects) at first-year level.

Minor sequence

A minor sequence in visual culture consists of twelve points (two subjects) at first-year level followed by sixteen points (two subjects) at second-year level.

Major sequence

The major sequence consists of twelve points at first-year level followed by second-year subjects to the value of sixteen points, and third-year subjects to the value of twenty-four points.

Prerequisites

Normally, entry into second and third-year level visual culture subjects is dependent on completion of appropriate first and/or second-year level subjects. However, in special circumstances, it may be possible for students who have completed appropriate equivalent studies to enter these subjects, with the approval of the head of department.

Subjects which may be taken in other departments

Students may also take CLS2130 (Culture and society: introduction to cultural theory) or WMN2240 (Introduction to contemporary feminist theory) as part of a minor or major sequence in visual culture. However, where one of these subjects is included as part of a sequence in visual culture, it cannot also comprise part of a sequence in comparative literature and cultural studies or women's studies. Students may not take CLS3130 or WMN3240 as part of a visual culture major.

Honours courses

Honours coordinator: Deane Williams
Normally, the minimum requirement for admission to fourth-year will be completion of a major sequence in visual culture, with credit grades or higher in subjects to the value of twenty-four points at second and third-year levels combined, of which sixteen must be at third-year level. Mid-year entry is offered by this department.
Combined honours may be taken in visual culture and another discipline, provided that all honours requirements have been met in both disciplines, and subject to the approval of both departments/centres.
Departments may grant an extension of time for submission of the honours thesis or for final coursework up to the last day of the examination period of the semester in which the work is due. Applications for extensions beyond this date must be made to the Committee for Undergraduate Studies.

Fourth-year level

Fourth-year honours students will be required to write a minor thesis (VSA4000) worth eighteen points, and to take three seminar subjects. Full-time honours students entering at the beginning of the year are advised to undertake two seminar subjects in the first semester and one in the second semester.
Part-time honours students normally take two seminar subjects in the first year, and the third subject plus the thesis in the second year.

Graduate work

Graduate supervision in the MA and PhD is available in most fields of visual culture (art history and criticism, and film and television studies). A postgraduate diploma and a faculty certificate in visual culture are also available, allowing specialisation in art history or film studies, or a combination of both fields. Specialist MA courses in both Australian art, and gallery and museum studies, are also available. For full details of all postgraduate courses offered by the Department of Visual Culture, please refer to the Arts graduate handbook for 1999.