(PHA)
50 hours lectures and self-learning modules and 12 tutorials
Synopsis: Excipients. Surfactants - properties, cationic, anionic, non-ionic. Emulsifiers - O/W, W/O, secondary. Thickeners, lubricants, solubilizers, coatings. Product types - formulation, preparation and stability of powders, compacts, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, foams, aerosols, semi-solids. Stability. Chemical stability - pH rate profile, hydrolysis of esters and amides, oxidation, photolysis. Physical stability - water absorption, non-chemical loss, transitions of crystalline state, particle size changes
Assessment: Mid-year examination (June) (1.5 hours): 15% + Self-learning modules: 15% + End-of-year examination: 70%